面试：atoi函数

       处理好正负值边界的问题即可。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <assert.h>

int myatoi(char *str)
{
    int ret = 0, cur;
    int flag = 1;
    assert(str != NULL);
    while (*str == ' ') {
        str++;
    }
    if (*str == '-' || *str == '+') {
        if (*str == '-') {
            flag = -1;
        }
        str++;
    }
    while (*str >= '0' && *str <= '9') {
        cur = *str - '0';
        if (flag == 1) {
            if (ret > INT_MAX / 10 || (ret == INT_MAX / 10 && cur >= INT_MAX % 10)) {
                return INT_MAX;
            }
        }
        else {
            if (-ret < INT_MIN / 10 || (-ret == INT_MIN / 10 && -cur <= INT_MIN % 10)) {
                return INT_MIN;
            }
        }
        ret = ret * 10 + cur;
        str++;
    }
    return ret * flag;
}

int main()
{
    printf("%d\n", myatoi("   -123345123345123"));
    printf("%d\n", myatoi("   +123345123345123"));
    printf("%d\n", myatoi("   +1233 123"));
    printf("%d\n", myatoi("   1233123"));
    printf("%d\n", myatoi("   -2147483647"));
    printf("%d\n", myatoi("   -2147483648"));
    printf("%d\n", myatoi("   -2147483649"));
    printf("%d\n", myatoi("   2147483646"));
    printf("%d\n", myatoi("   2147483647"));
    printf("%d\n", myatoi("   2147483648"));
    return 0;
}

        其中INT_MAX和INT_MIN定义于头文件limits.h中。

#define INT_MAX 2147483647
#define INT_MIN (-INT_MAX - 1)

        INT_MIN为-2147483648，不直接定义成-2147483648是因为这是一个表达式，会先将2147483648保存到int变量中再取赋值，而保存的过程中就会发生溢出。