Mysql 5.7 for linux 安装--yum

基于 linux 6平台下安装 mysql 5.7

  适用于 redhat linux 6.x ，centos 6.x  ，oracle linux 6.x 等
  安装简单，必须能连接外网，速度受网速影响

注：也可直接下载mysql 完整的RPM的tar包（mysql-5.7.21-1.el6.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar） 然后解压后yum安装 。
官方教程：https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/linux-installation-rpm.html

1.下载RPM包

下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

[root@localhost ~]# wget --no-check-certificate https://repo.mysql.com//mysql57-community-release-el6-11.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -Uvh mysql57-community-release-el6-11.noarch.rpm 
warning: mysql57-community-release-el6-11.noarch.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:mysql57-community-relea########################################### [100%]

这个RPM包本质是在本地创建个yum源的配置文件

/etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo

[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
[root@localhost ~]# yum list | grep mysql-com
mysql-community-client.i686             5.7.21-1.el6                      mysql57-community
mysql-community-client.x86_64           5.7.21-1.el6                      mysql57-community
mysql-community-common.i686             5.7.21-1.el6                      mysql57-community
..........

2.检查是否安装其他版本mysql，卸载

（安装linux时，经常默认自带安装了mysql）

[root@localhost ~]# yum list installed | grep mysql
[root@localhost ~]# yum remove mysql-libs.x86_64

3.安装mysql

3.1解析mysql 的yum 源配置文件

当前rpm包配置的默认是安装5.7版本，如果想安装其他版本mysql，修改配置文件

如 要安装5.6版本，则如下

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.rep
修改为
# Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1   
gpgcheck=1         
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

[mysql57-community]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

注：只需修改 enabled 这项，1代表启用子库，0为禁用子库

[root@localhost ~]# yum list | grep mysql-c
mysql-community-bench.x86_64            5.6.39-2.el6                      mysql56-community
mysql-community-client.i686             5.6.39-2.el6                      mysql56-community
mysql-community-client.x86_64           5.6.39-2.el6                      mysql56-community
mysql-community-common.i686             5.6.39-2.el6                      mysql56-community
mysql-community-common.x86_64           5.6.39-2.el6                      mysql56-community
mysql-community-devel.i686              5.6.39-2.el6                      mysql56-community
mysql-community-devel.x86_64            5.6.39-2.el6                      mysql56-community

3.2开始安装

在线连接yum库进行下载安装，速度取决于网速

[root@localhost ~]# yum install mysql-community-server
....
Dependencies Resolved

========================================================================================================
 Package                         Arch            Version               Repository                  Size
========================================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql-community-server          x86_64          5.7.21-1.el6          mysql57-community          152 M
Installing for dependencies:
 mysql-community-client          x86_64          5.7.21-1.el6          mysql57-community           23 M
 mysql-community-common          x86_64          5.7.21-1.el6          mysql57-community          329 k
 mysql-community-libs            x86_64          5.7.21-1.el6          mysql57-community          2.1 M

Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================
Install       4 Package(s)

Total download size: 178 M
Installed size: 883 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/4): mysql-community-client-5.7. (0%)  2% [-                        ]  17 kB/s | 596 kB     22:28 ETA
......
Installed:
  mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.21-1.el6                                                                                          

Dependency Installed:
  mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.21-1.el6 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.21-1.el6 mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.21-1.el6

Complete!

[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start
初始化 MySQL 数据库：                                      [确定]
正在启动 mysqld：                                          [确定]

4 设置root用户密码及远程连接

4.1 root用户的初始密码

5.7版本第一次启动，初始化数据库，且生成临时密码如下：

[root@localhost ~]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2018-03-08T11:35:30.179305Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: zQbNwlVq!2XE

登录root用户，修改密码，允许远程连接

注意：MySQL的 validate_password 插件默认安装。这将要求密码至少包含一个大写字母，一个小写字母，一个数字和一个特殊字符，并且总密码长度至少为8个字符。

[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:        ---上面临时密码
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

4.2 测试连接

前提确保mysql开启，防火墙开放3306端口