JavaWeb 初步

最新推荐文章于 2022-10-21 18:10:13 发布

形形色色的人

最新推荐文章于 2022-10-21 18:10:13 发布

阅读量960

点赞数

分类专栏： JavaWeb 文章标签： javaweb itcast 入门

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/u014338577/article/details/49536815

版权

JavaWeb 专栏收录该内容

8 篇文章 0 订阅

订阅专栏

1. Servlet快速入门

1.1. 编写servlet 类

入门:找Servlet所在包... 建立的工程必须web工程!! 自动导入javaee.jar类库!!

第一步: 创建普通java实现Servlet接口

第一种写法：

package cn.itcast.day01_tomcat.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.Servlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

public class MyServlet1 implements Servlet{

	@Override
	public void destroy() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public ServletConfig getServletConfig() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public String getServletInfo() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	@Override
	public void init(ServletConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
		// 表示  当前servlet对象被容器创建...该方法只执行一次.....
		System.out.println("hello ----init  初始化方法执行");
	}

	@Override
	public void service(ServletRequest arg0, ServletResponse arg1)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		//   浏览器请求一次  该方法就执行一次.....
		System.out.println("hello ----service  业务方法执行");
	}

}

浏览器如何访问该servlet对象呢? http://localhost/day01_tomcat/

1: 该对象谁创建?

服务器端开发: 对象servlet组件由容器创建(tomcat)

2: 浏览器如何访问该资源?

当浏览器访问该资源的时候（http://localhost/day01_tomcat/）,容器执行该对象创建 ...对应Init 方法就会执行,,,,

第二步:配置web.xml

web.xml 是当前工程的主配置文件 ,

容器根据web.xml文件中的相关标签配置，自动创建该对象，并执行相关方法!!

标签:<servlet> <servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>MyServlet1</servlet-name>

<servlet-class>cn.itcast.day01_tomcat.servlet.MyServlet1</servlet-class>

</servlet>

<servlet-mapping>

<servlet-name>MyServlet1</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/servlet1</url-pattern>

</servlet-mapping>

<servlet-class>cn.itcast.day01_tomcat.servlet.MyServlet1</servlet-class>

右键类名选择 copy qualiedfied Name 即可!!，不要手写，容易出错！！！

Servlet接口

------ 实现类 GenericServlet ----- 子类 HttpServlet ---- 自定义Servlet 继承HttpServlet

第二种写法：

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.GenericServlet;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
//  GenericServlet 对象不包含  具有http协议 api 的 
public class MyServlet2 extends GenericServlet{

	@Override
	public void service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		//   编写业务即可与    获取客户端浏览器getMethod
		System.out.println("------servlet2  ----");
		
		//   浏览器访问服务器....  ServletRequest  (该对象 接受 浏览器(客户端)发送请求参数  )
		//   ServletResponse  服务器通过 该对象给予 客户端 响应数据 ..
		
		
	}

}

第三种写法：

分析

    public void service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res)
        throws ServletException, IOException {

        HttpServletRequest  request;
        HttpServletResponse response;
        
        try {
            request = (HttpServletRequest) req;
            response = (HttpServletResponse) res;
        } catch (ClassCastException e) {
            throw new ServletException("non-HTTP request or response");
        }
        service(request, response);
    }

第三种写法实现：

package cn.itcast.day01_tomcat.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class MyServlet3 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
    		throws ServletException, IOException {
    	//  浏览器的访问  请求方式... 7  种  get  post  service  方法 接受所有请求方式...  
    	//  HttpServlet 类   重写GenericServlet 提供抽象service 方法  自定义了一个service方法 
    	//  该方法里面 请求的方式 分类..根据浏览请求方式不同  调用不同的方法  
    	// 自定义的 servlet   不用重写 service   直接重写  具体请求方式业务方法!!
    	String  value  = req.getMethod();
    	System.out.println(value+"-----");
    }
}

第四种实现方法：为了划分请求方式

因为HttpServelt中的已经帮我们区分了从浏览器发起的不同请求

protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
        throws ServletException, IOException {

        String method = req.getMethod();

        if (method.equals(METHOD_GET)) {
            long lastModified = getLastModified(req);
            if (lastModified == -1) {
                // servlet doesn't support if-modified-since, no reason
                // to go through further expensive logic
                doGet(req, resp);
            } else {
                long ifModifiedSince = req.getDateHeader(HEADER_IFMODSINCE);
                if (ifModifiedSince < (lastModified / 1000 * 1000)) {
                    // If the servlet mod time is later, call doGet()
                    // Round down to the nearest second for a proper compare
                    // A ifModifiedSince of -1 will always be less
                    maybeSetLastModified(resp, lastModified);
                    doGet(req, resp);
                } else {
                    resp.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_MODIFIED);
                }
            }

        } else if (method.equals(METHOD_HEAD)) {
            long lastModified = getLastModified(req);
            maybeSetLastModified(resp, lastModified);
            doHead(req, resp);

        } else if (method.equals(METHOD_POST)) {
            doPost(req, resp);
            
        } else if (method.equals(METHOD_PUT)) {
            doPut(req, resp);        
            
        } else if (method.equals(METHOD_DELETE)) {
            doDelete(req, resp);
            
        } else if (method.equals(METHOD_OPTIONS)) {
            doOptions(req,resp);
            
        } else if (method.equals(METHOD_TRACE)) {
            doTrace(req,resp);
            
        } else {
            //
            // Note that this means NO servlet supports whatever
            // method was requested, anywhere on this server.
            //

            String errMsg = lStrings.getString("http.method_not_implemented");
            Object[] errArgs = new Object[1];
            errArgs[0] = method;
            errMsg = MessageFormat.format(errMsg, errArgs);
            
            resp.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_IMPLEMENTED, errMsg);
        }
    }

package cn.itcast.day01_tomcat.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class MyServlet4 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
    		throws ServletException, IOException {
    	//   该方法执行 只接受get请求...
    	System.out.println("----do get----");
    }
    
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
    		throws ServletException, IOException {
    	//   只接受Post请求...
    	System.out.println("----do post----");
    }
}

第五种：相同的业务，代码冗余。

package cn.itcast.day01_tomcat.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class MyServlet5 extends HttpServlet {
	@Override
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doPost(req, resp);// get请求 业务方法由dopost执行
	}

	@Override
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		System.out.println("get---post");
	}
}

第6种：用eclipse创建servlet，Name：Myservlet6

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class MyServlet6 extends HttpServlet {

	public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		doPost(request, response);

	}

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
			throws ServletException, IOException {
		// 开始进行servlet代码开发吧
		System.out.println("servlet 6 ---");

	}

}

第7种：优化模板

2014版本：

C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\MyEclipse Professional 2014\plugins

修改 com.genuitec.eclipse.wizards_11.5.0.me201310291746.jar

2010版本：

C:\Users\lili\AppData\Local\MyEclipse\Common\plugins

修改Servlet.java种的doGet和doPost方法

用工具生产Servlet代码，以及web.xml种的配置

形形色色的人

关注

0
点赞
踩
0

收藏

觉得还不错? 一键收藏
0
评论
JavaWeb 初步

1. Servlet快速入门1.1. 编写servlet 类入门:找Servlet所在包... 建立的工程必须web工程!! 自动导入javaee.jar类库!!第一步: 创建普通java实现Servlet接口添加打印语句 publicclassMyServlet1 implementsServlet{ @Override pu
复制链接

扫一扫