Java线程:新特征-锁(下)

26 篇文章 0 订阅

在上文中提到了Lock接口以及对象,使用它,很优雅的控制了竞争资源的安全访问,但是这种锁不区分读写,称这种锁为普通锁。为了提高性能,Java提供了读写锁,在读的地方使用读锁,在写的地方使用写锁,灵活控制,在一定程度上提高了程序的执行效率。

Java中读写锁有个接口java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock,也有具体的实现ReentrantReadWriteLock,详细的API可以查看JavaAPI文档。

下面这个例子是在文例子的基础上,将普通锁改为读写锁,并添加账户余额查询的功能,代码如下:

import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService; 
import java.util.concurrent.Executors; 
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReadWriteLock; 
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantReadWriteLock; 

/** 
* Java线程:锁 
* 
* @author leizhimin 2009-11-5 10:57:29 
*/ 
public class Test { 
        public static void main(String[] args) { 
                //创建并发访问的账户 
                MyCount myCount = new MyCount("95599200901215522", 10000); 
                //创建一个锁对象 
                ReadWriteLock lock = new ReentrantReadWriteLock(false); 
                //创建一个线程池 
                ExecutorService pool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2); 
                //创建一些并发访问用户,一个信用卡,存的存,取的取,好热闹啊 
                User u1 = new User("张三", myCount, -4000, lock, false); 
                User u2 = new User("张三他爹", myCount, 6000, lock, false); 
                User u3 = new User("张三他弟", myCount, -8000, lock, false); 
                User u4 = new User("张三", myCount, 800, lock, false); 
                User u5 = new User("张三他爹", myCount, 0, lock, true); 
                //在线程池中执行各个用户的操作 
                pool.execute(u1); 
                pool.execute(u2); 
                pool.execute(u3); 
                pool.execute(u4); 
                pool.execute(u5); 
                //关闭线程池 
                pool.shutdown(); 
        } 
} 

/** 
* 信用卡的用户 
*/ 
class User implements Runnable { 
        private String name;                //用户名 
        private MyCount myCount;        //所要操作的账户 
        private int iocash;                 //操作的金额,当然有正负之分了 
        private ReadWriteLock myLock;                //执行操作所需的锁对象 
        private boolean ischeck;        //是否查询 

        User(String name, MyCount myCount, int iocash, ReadWriteLock myLock, boolean ischeck) { 
                this.name = name; 
                this.myCount = myCount; 
                this.iocash = iocash; 
                this.myLock = myLock; 
                this.ischeck = ischeck; 
        } 

        public void run() { 
                if (ischeck) { 
                        //获取读锁 
                        myLock.readLock().lock(); 
                        System.out.println("读:" + name + "正在查询" + myCount + "账户,当前金额为" + myCount.getCash()); 
                        //释放读锁 
                        myLock.readLock().unlock(); 
                } else { 
                        //获取写锁 
                        myLock.writeLock().lock(); 
                        //执行现金业务 
                        System.out.println("写:" + name + "正在操作" + myCount + "账户,金额为" + iocash + ",当前金额为" + myCount.getCash()); 
                        myCount.setCash(myCount.getCash() + iocash); 
                        System.out.println("写:" + name + "操作" + myCount + "账户成功,金额为" + iocash + ",当前金额为" + myCount.getCash()); 
                        //释放写锁 
                        myLock.writeLock().unlock(); 
                } 
        } 
} 

/** 
* 信用卡账户,可随意透支 
*/ 
class MyCount { 
        private String oid;         //账号 
        private int cash;             //账户余额 

        MyCount(String oid, int cash) { 
                this.oid = oid; 
                this.cash = cash; 
        } 

        public String getOid() { 
                return oid; 
        } 

        public void setOid(String oid) { 
                this.oid = oid; 
        } 

        public int getCash() { 
                return cash; 
        } 

        public void setCash(int cash) { 
                this.cash = cash; 
        } 

        @Override 
        public String toString() { 
                return "MyCount{" + 
                                "oid='" + oid + '\'' + 
                                ", cash=" + cash + 
                                '}'; 
        } 
}
写:张三正在操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=10000}账户,金额为-4000,当前金额为10000 
写:张三操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=6000}账户成功,金额为-4000,当前金额为6000 
写:张三他弟正在操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=6000}账户,金额为-8000,当前金额为6000 
写:张三他弟操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=-2000}账户成功,金额为-8000,当前金额为-2000 
写:张三正在操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=-2000}账户,金额为800,当前金额为-2000 
写:张三操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=-1200}账户成功,金额为800,当前金额为-1200 
读:张三他爹正在查询MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=-1200}账户,当前金额为-1200 
写:张三他爹正在操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=-1200}账户,金额为6000,当前金额为-1200 
写:张三他爹操作MyCount{oid='95599200901215522', cash=4800}账户成功,金额为6000,当前金额为4800 

Process finished with exit code 0

在实际开发中,最好在能用读写锁的情况下使用读写锁,而不要用普通锁,以求更好的性能。

本文出自 “熔 岩” 博客,请务必保留此出处http://lavasoft.blog.51cto.com/62575/222433

评论
添加红包

请填写红包祝福语或标题

红包个数最小为10个

红包金额最低5元

当前余额3.43前往充值 >
需支付:10.00
成就一亿技术人!
领取后你会自动成为博主和红包主的粉丝 规则
hope_wisdom
发出的红包
实付
使用余额支付
点击重新获取
扫码支付
钱包余额 0

抵扣说明:

1.余额是钱包充值的虚拟货币,按照1:1的比例进行支付金额的抵扣。
2.余额无法直接购买下载,可以购买VIP、付费专栏及课程。

余额充值