poj 2104 K-th Number【主席树】

题目链接：http://poj.org/problem?id=2104

询问求区间第k大。

代码：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>
#include <cmath>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <algorithm>
#include <queue>
#include <stack>
#include <set>
#include <map>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

const int MAXN = 100010;
const int M = MAXN * 30;
int n, q, m, tot;
int a[MAXN], t[MAXN];
int T[M], lson[M], rson[M], c[M];

void init_hash()
{
    for (int i = 1; i <= n;i++)
        t[i] = a[i];
    sort(t + 1, t + 1 + n);
    m = unique(t + 1, t + 1 + n) - t - 1;
}
int build(int l, int r)
{
    int root = tot++;
    c[root] = 0;
    if (l != r)
    {
        int mid = (l + r) >> 1;
        lson[root] = build(l, mid);
        rson[root] = build(mid + 1, r);
    }
    return root;
}
int hash(int x)
{
    return lower_bound(t + 1, t + 1 + m, x) - t;
}
int update(int root, int pos, int val)
{
    int newroot = tot++, tmp = newroot;
    c[newroot] = c[root] + val;
    int l = 1, r = m;
    while (l < r)
    {
        int mid = (l + r) >> 1;
        if (pos <= mid)
        {
            lson[newroot] = tot++; rson[newroot] = rson[root];
            newroot = lson[newroot]; root = lson[root];
            r = mid;
        }
        else
        {
            rson[newroot] = tot++; lson[newroot] = lson[root];
            newroot = rson[newroot]; root = rson[root];
            l = mid + 1;
        }
        c[newroot] = c[root] + val;
    }
    return tmp;
}
int query(int left_root, int right_root, int k)
{
    int l = 1, r = m;
    while (l < r)
    {
        int mid = (l + r) >> 1;
        if (c[lson[left_root]] - c[lson[right_root]] >= k)
        {
            r = mid;
            left_root = lson[left_root];
            right_root = lson[right_root];
        }
        else
        {
            l = mid + 1;
            k -= c[lson[left_root]] - c[lson[right_root]];
            left_root = rson[left_root];
            right_root = rson[right_root];
        }
    }
    return l;
}

int main()
{
    while (scanf("%d %d", &n, &q) != EOF)
    {
        tot = 0;
        for (int i = 1;i <= n;i++)
            scanf("%d", &a[i]);
        init_hash();
        T[n + 1] = build(1, m);
        for (int i = n;i;i--)
        {
            int pos = hash(a[i]);
            T[i] = update(T[i + 1], pos, 1);
        }
        while (q--)
        {
            int l, r, k;
            scanf("%d%d%d", &l, &r, &k);
            printf("%d\n", t[query(T[l], T[r + 1], k)]);
        }
    }
    return 0;
}