#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
class HashTable {
private:
string *elem;//哈希表
int size; //长度
public:
HashTable() { //构造函数
size = 2000;
elem = new string[size];
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
elem[i] = "#";
}
}
~HashTable() { //析构函数
delete[] elem;
}
int hash(string& index) { //生成插入位置
int code = 0;
for (size_t i = 0; i < index.length(); i++) {
code = (code * 256 + index[i] + 128) % size;
//字符范围 -128~127,共256方法,避免出现负数,+128
}
return code;
}
//查找冲突
bool search(string& index, int& pos, int& times) {
pos = hash(index);
times = 0;
while (elem[pos] != "#" && elem[pos] != index) { //线性查找
times++;
if (times < size) {
pos = (pos + 1) % size;
} else {
return false;
}
}
if (elem[pos] == index) {
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
}
//插入哈希表
int insert(string& index) {
int pos, times;
if (search(index, pos, times)) {
return 2;
} else if (times < size / 2) {
elem[pos] = index;
return 1;
} else {
recreate();
return 0;
}
}
//冲突超过半数则出现聚集现象,则重构哈希表,扩大空间
void recreate(){
//先将原来的数组的元素取出来,存到临时空间
string *temp_elem;
temp_elem=new string[size];
for(int i=0;i<size;i++){
temp_elem[i]=elem[i];
}
int copy_size=size;//存好原来的size
size=size*2;//扩大
delete[] elem; //删除原来的空间
elem=new string[size];//重新申请
for(int i=0;i<size;i++){ //初始化
elem[i]="#";
}
for(int i=0;i<copy_size;i++){
if(temp_elem[i]!="#"){ //只有存在的元素可以插入
insert(temp_elem[i]);
}
}
delete[] temp_elem;//释放临时空间
}
};
int main() {
HashTable hashtable;
string buffer;
int n;
cin >> n;
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
cin >> buffer;
int ans = hashtable.insert(buffer);
if (ans == 0) {
cout << "insert failed!" << endl;
} else if (ans == 1) {
cout << "insert success!" << endl;
} else if (ans == 2) {
cout << "It already exists!" << endl;
}
}
int temp_pos, temp_times;
cin >> buffer;
if (hashtable.search(buffer, temp_pos, temp_times)) {
cout << "search success!" << endl;
} else {
cout << "search failed!" << endl;
}
return 0;
}
计蒜客:数据结构之哈希表
最新推荐文章于 2021-04-07 11:13:31 发布