效果:
重要部分:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.目录树:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.需要导入的jar包
为稳阵起见,建议全部spring的jar包都导入
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.web.xml 文件
用于初始化控制器Controller
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>pro4</display-name>
<!-- 定义springMVC的前端控制器(相当于一个servlet) -->
<servlet>
<!-- springMVC 控制器配置 -->
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <!-- 为spring核心文件起一个别名,可任意起 -->
<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-mvc.xml</param-value> <!-- 指定spring的核心配置文件的位置 -->
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> <!-- 设置启动服务器后马上进行配置 -->
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <!-- 控制器的别名,要与上面的<servlet-name>一样-->
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.spring核心配置文件(spring-mvc.xml)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 上面是固定约束,下面是进行springmvc配置 -->
<!-- 下三行分别是,开启注解扫描,配置映射器,配置适配器,配置视图解析器 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="controller"></context:component-scan>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"></bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"></bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix">
<value>/WEB-INF/</value> <!-- 表示要调用的文件前缀,即表示要调用的文件在/WEB-INF/路径下 -->
</property>
<property name="suffix">
<value>.jsp</value> <!-- 表示要调用的文件后缀,即表示是jsp文件 -->
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5.控制器文件(UserController.java)
package controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
/*MVC模式中的C,即控制器*/
@Controller
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping(value="/abc") //映射的路径为http://localhost:8080/项目名/abc
public String abc_func(){
return "abc"; //返回abc字符串给spring-mvc.xml,组成/WEB-INF/abc.jsp,然后调用该jsp文件
}
@RequestMapping(value="/efg") //映射的路径为http://localhost:8080/项目名/efg
public String efg_func(){
return "efg"; 返回efg字符串给spring-mvc.xml,组成/WEB-INF/efg.jsp,然后调用该jsp文件
}
}
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6.JSP文件(即abc.jsp 和 efg.jsp)
abc.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
</head>
<body>
<h1>abc.jsp</h1>
</body>
</html>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>efg.jsp</h1>
</body>
</html>
最后,在浏览器输入:http://localhost:8080/pro5/abc 就会调用/WEB-INF/下的abc.jsp 文件
这是根据注解@RequestMapping 实现的