Shiro 是一个 Apache 下的一开源项目项目,旨在简化身份验证和授权。
spring,springMVC,maven,shiro
shiro的配置,通过maven加入shiro相关jar包
第一步.shiro的配置,通过maven加入shiro相关jar包
<!-- shiro --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId> <version>1.2.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-web</artifactId> <version>1.2.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-ehcache</artifactId> <version>1.2.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId> <artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId> <version>1.2.1</version> </dependency>
第二步.web.xml中添加shiro过滤器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:javaee="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4">
<!-- 配置spring容器监听器 -->
<span style="color:#ff6666;"> <context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:application-context-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener></span>
<!-- post乱码处理 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 配置shiro的核心拦截器 -->
<span style="white-space:pre"> </span><filter>
<filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>shiroFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/admin/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 配置后台Springmvc 它拦截.action结尾的请求 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>back</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>back</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
</web-app>
第3步. spring中对shiro配置
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd "> <!-- web.xml中shiro的filter对应的bean --> <bean id="shiroFilter" class="org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean"> <!-- 管理器,必须设置 --> <property name="securityManager" ref="securityManager" /> <!-- 拦截到,跳转到的地址,通过此地址去认证 --> <property name="loginUrl" value="/admin/login.do" /> <!-- 认证成功统一跳转到/admin/index.do,建议不配置,shiro认证成功自动到上一个请求路径 --> <property name="successUrl" value="/admin/index.do" /> <!-- 通过unauthorizedUrl指定没有权限操作时跳转页面 --> <property name="unauthorizedUrl" value="/refuse.jsp" /> <!-- 自定义filter,可用来更改默认的表单名称配置 --> <property name="filters"> <map> <!-- 将自定义 的FormAuthenticationFilter注入shiroFilter中 --> <entry key="authc" value-ref="formAuthenticationFilter" /> </map> </property> <property name="filterChainDefinitions"> <value> <!-- 对静态资源设置匿名访问 --> /images/** = anon /js/** = anon /styles/** = anon <!-- 验证码,可匿名访问 --> /validatecode.jsp = anon <!-- 请求 logout.do地址,shiro去清除session --> /admin/logout.do = logout <!--商品查询需要商品查询权限 ,取消url拦截配置,使用注解授权方式 --> <!-- /items/queryItems.action = perms[item:query] /items/editItems.action = perms[item:edit] --> <!-- 配置记住我或认证通过可以访问的地址 --> /welcome.jsp = user /admin/index.do = user <!-- /** = authc 所有url都必须认证通过才可以访问 --> /** = authc </value> </property> </bean> <!-- securityManager安全管理器 --> <bean id="securityManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager"> <property name="realm" ref="customRealm" /> <!-- 注入缓存管理器 --> <property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManager" /> <!-- 注入session管理器 --> <!-- <property name="sessionManager" ref="sessionManager" /> --> <!-- 记住我 --> <property name="rememberMeManager" ref="rememberMeManager" /> </bean>在上面的配置中每次开启了sessionManager都会出问题在这里将它注释掉了。
其次,上面中的配置也是将credentialsMatcher没有加入了,这种方式适用于没有对密码进行处理的情况。
其中CustomRealm的配置是重点。
第4步.自定义Realm编码
<!-- 自定义realm --> <bean id="customRealm" class="com.zhijianj.stucheck.shiro.CustomRealm"> <!-- 将凭证匹配器设置到realm中,realm按照凭证匹配器的要求进行散列 --> <!-- <property name="credentialsMatcher" ref="credentialsMatcher" /> --> </bean> <!-- 凭证匹配器 --> <bean id="credentialsMatcher" class="org.apache.shiro.authc.credential.HashedCredentialsMatcher"> <!-- 选用MD5散列算法 --> <property name="hashAlgorithmName" value="md5" /> <!-- 进行一次加密 --> <property name="hashIterations" value="1" /> </bean> <!-- 自定义form认证过虑器 --> <!-- 基于Form表单的身份验证过滤器,不配置将也会注册此过虑器,表单中的用户账号、密码及loginurl将采用默认值,建议配置 --> <!-- 可通过此配置,判断验证码 --> <bean id="formAuthenticationFilter" class="com.zhijianj.stucheck.shiro.CustomFormAuthenticationFilter "> <!-- 表单中账号的input名称,默认为username --> <property name="usernameParam" value="username" /> <!-- 表单中密码的input名称,默认为password --> <property name="passwordParam" value="password" /> <!-- 记住我input的名称,默认为rememberMe --> <property name="rememberMeParam" value="rememberMe" /> </bean> <!-- 会话管理器 --> <bean id="sessionManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.session.mgt.DefaultWebSessionManager"> <!-- session的失效时长,单位毫秒 --> <property name="globalSessionTimeout" value="600000" /> <!-- 删除失效的session --> <property name="deleteInvalidSessions" value="true" /> </bean> <!-- 缓存管理器 --> <bean id="cacheManager" class="org.apache.shiro.cache.ehcache.EhCacheManager"> <property name="cacheManagerConfigFile" value="classpath:shiro-ehcache.xml" /> </bean> <!-- rememberMeManager管理器,写cookie,取出cookie生成用户信息 --> <bean id="rememberMeManager" class="org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.CookieRememberMeManager"> <property name="cookie" ref="rememberMeCookie" /> </bean> <!-- 记住我cookie --> <bean id="rememberMeCookie" class="org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.SimpleCookie"> <!-- rememberMe是cookie的名字 --> <constructor-arg value="rememberMe" /> <!-- 记住我cookie生效时间30天 --> <property name="maxAge" value="2592000" /> </bean> </beans>
在上面的配置中每次开启了sessionManager都会出问题在这里将它注释掉了。
其次,上面中的配置也是将credentialsMatcher没有加入了,这种方式适用于没有对密码进行处理的情况。
其中CustomRealm的配置是重点。
第4步.自定义Realm编码
自定义Realm编码
CustomRealm如下:
public class CustomRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
// 设置realm的名称
@Override
public void setName(String name) {
super.setName("customRealm");
}
@Autowired
private AdminUserService adminUserService;
/**
* 认证
*/
@Override
protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {
// token中包含用户输入的用户名和密码
// 第一步从token中取出用户名
String userName = (String) token.getPrincipal();
// 第二步:根据用户输入的userCode从数据库查询
TAdminUser adminUser = adminUserService.getAdminUserByUserName(userName);
// 如果查询不到返回null
if (adminUser == null) {//
return null;
}
// 获取数据库中的密码
String password = adminUser.getPassword();
/**
* 认证的用户,正确的密码
*/
AuthenticationInfo authcInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(adminUser, password, this.getName());
//MD5 加密+加盐+多次加密
//<span style="color:#ff0000;">SimpleAuthenticationInfo authcInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(adminUser, password,ByteSource.Util.bytes(salt), this.getName());</span>
return authcInfo;
}
/**
* 授权,只有成功通过<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">doGetAuthenticationInfo方法的认证后才会执行。</span>
*/
@Override
protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principals) {
// 从 principals获取主身份信息
// 将getPrimaryPrincipal方法返回值转为真实身份类型(在上边的doGetAuthenticationInfo认证通过填充到SimpleAuthenticationInfo中身份类型),
TAdminUser activeUser = (TAdminUser) principals.getPrimaryPrincipal();
// 根据身份信息获取权限信息
// 从数据库获取到权限数据
TAdminRole adminRoles = adminUserService.getAdminRoles(activeUser);
// 单独定一个集合对象
List<String> permissions = new ArrayList<String>();
if (adminRoles != null) {
permissions.add(adminRoles.getRoleKey());
}
// 查到权限数据,返回授权信息(要包括 上边的permissions)
SimpleAuthorizationInfo simpleAuthorizationInfo = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
// 将上边查询到授权信息填充到simpleAuthorizationInfo对象中
simpleAuthorizationInfo.addStringPermissions(permissions);
return simpleAuthorizationInfo;
}
// 清除缓存
public void clearCached() {
PrincipalCollection principals = SecurityUtils.getSubject().getPrincipals();
super.clearCache(principals);
}
}
第5步.缓存配置
ehcache.xml代码如下:
<ehcache updateCheck="false" name="shiroCache">
<defaultCache
maxElementsInMemory="10000"
eternal="false"
timeToIdleSeconds="120"
timeToLiveSeconds="120"
overflowToDisk="false"
diskPersistent="false"
diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120"
/>
</ehcache>
通过使用ehache中就避免第次都向服务器发送权限授权(doGetAuthorizationInfo)的请求。
6.自定义表单编码过滤器
CustomFormAuthenticationFilter代码,认证之前调用,可用于验证码校验
public class CustomFormAuthenticationFilter extends FormAuthenticationFilter {
// 原FormAuthenticationFilter的认证方法
@Override
protected boolean onAccessDenied(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) throws Exception {
// 在这里进行验证码的校验
// 从session获取正确验证码
HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
HttpSession session = httpServletRequest.getSession();
// 取出session的验证码(正确的验证码)
String validateCode = (String) session.getAttribute("validateCode");
// 取出页面的验证码
// 输入的验证和session中的验证进行对比
String randomcode = httpServletRequest.getParameter("randomcode");
if (randomcode != null && validateCode != null && !randomcode.equals(validateCode)) {
// 如果校验失败,将验证码错误失败信息,通过shiroLoginFailure设置到request中
httpServletRequest.setAttribute("shiroLoginFailure", "randomCodeError");
// 拒绝访问,不再校验账号和密码
return true;
}
return super.onAccessDenied(request, response);
}
}
验证码代码:
validatecode.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ page import="java.util.Random"%>
<%@ page import="java.io.OutputStream"%>
<%@ page import="java.awt.Color"%>
<%@ page import="java.awt.Font"%>
<%@ page import="java.awt.Graphics"%>
<%@ page import="java.awt.image.BufferedImage"%>
<%@ page import="javax.imageio.ImageIO"%>
<%
int width = 60;
int height = 32;
//create the image
BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
Graphics g = image.getGraphics();
// set the background color
g.setColor(new Color(0xDCDCDC));
g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
// draw the border
g.setColor(Color.black);
g.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);
// create a random instance to generate the codes
Random rdm = new Random();
String hash1 = Integer.toHexString(rdm.nextInt());
// make some confusion
for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
int x = rdm.nextInt(width);
int y = rdm.nextInt(height);
g.drawOval(x, y, 0, 0);
}
// generate a random code
String capstr = hash1.substring(0, 4);
//将生成的验证码存入session
session.setAttribute("validateCode", capstr);
g.setColor(new Color(0, 100, 0));
g.setFont(new Font("Candara", Font.BOLD, 24));
g.drawString(capstr, 8, 24);
g.dispose();
//输出图片
response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
out.clear();
out = pageContext.pushBody();
OutputStream strm = response.getOutputStream();
ImageIO.write(image, "jpeg", strm);
strm.close();
%>