virtio and vhost

最近debug KVM IO，记录总结如下。

关于virtio:

+---------+------+--------+----------+--+
|         +------+        +----------+  |
| user    |      |        |          |  |
| space   |      |        |  guest   |  |
|         |      |        |          |  |
|    +----+ qemu |        | +-+------+  |
|    |    |      |        | | virtio |  |
|    |    |      |        | | driver |  |
|    |    +------+        +-+---++---+  |
|    |                          |       |
|    |       ^                  |       |
|    v       |                  v       |
|            |                          |
+-+-----+-----------------+--+-------+--+
| |tap  |    +------------+ kvm.ko   |  |
| +-----+                 +--+-------+  |
|                kernel                 |
+---------------------------------------+

具体动作过程：

1) guest设置好tx;

2)发送中断信号，退出KVM

3) KVM从内核态切换到QEMU的用户态进程

4) QEMU把tx数据发送到tap

这里发生了两次内核态和用户态的切换。

Vhost：

vhost在内核中加入了vhost_net.ko模块，使得数据可以在内核态中得到处理。

+---------+------+--------+----------+--+
|         +------+        +----------+  |
| user    |      |        |          |  |
| space   |      |        |  guest   |  |
|         |      |        |          |  |
|         | qemu |        | +-+------+  |
|         |      |        | | virtio |  |
|         |      |        | | driver |  |
|         +------+        +-+---++---+  |
|                               |       |
|                               |       |
|                               v       |
|                                       |
+-+-----+---+-+----+------+----+--+-----+
| |tap  |   | vhost-net.ko|    | kvm.ko |
| +---^-+   +------+----^-+    +----+---+
|     |-------|  kernel |-----------|   |
+---------------------------------------+

具体动作过程：

1) guest设置好tx;

2)发送中断信号，退出KVM

3) KVM直接和vhost_net通信

4) vhost_net把tx数据发送到tap

Vhost_user:

增加一种新的vhost_backend, 使得数据可以在用户态得以灵活的处理。

+---------------+------+--+----------+--+
|               +------+  +----------+  |
| user          |      |  |          |  |
| space         |      |  |  guest   |  |
|               |      |  |          |  |
|  +-+-------+  | qemu |  | +-+------+  |
|  | vhost   |  |      |  | | virtio |  |
|  | backend |  |      |  | | driver |  |
|  +---------+  +------+  +-+---++---+  |
|                               |       |
|      ^                        |       |
|      |                        v       |
|      |                                |
+------------------------------+--+-----+
|      +-----------------------+ kvm.ko |
|                              +--+-----+
|                kernel                 |
+---------------------------------------+