使用maven打包java的jar包时,通常有两种情况:
将依赖打到外部文件夹,将源码单独打jar包运行;
将依赖和源码一起打到jar包中运行。
下面举例说明这两种情况:
建立如下测试类,依赖一个common-lang包(用于测试外部依赖):
package mvnDemo;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
public class MvnDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(StringUtils.upperCase("hello mvn"));
}
}
POM配置如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>testDemo</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.11</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>RELEASE</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<!--指定项目源码的jdk版本和编译后的jdk版本。-->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<source>8</source>
<target>8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!--指定打成jar包的mainClass;设置添加classpath;设置classpath的前缀
https://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-jar-plugin/-->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.0</version>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifest>
<mainClass>
mvnDemo.MvnDemo
</mainClass>
<addClasspath>
true
</addClasspath>
<classpathPrefix>
lib
</classpathPrefix>
</manifest>
</archive>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!--将所需依赖拷贝到当前jar包所在目录的lib文件夹下。
maven官网示例地址: https://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-dependency-plugin/examples/copying-project-dependencies.html-->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.0</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<id>copy-dependencies</id>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/lib</outputDirectory>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
<!--将所需依赖一并打到jar包中。
mvn官网案例 https://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-shade-plugin/-->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.4</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>shade</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<filters>
<filter>
<artifact>*:*</artifact>
<excludes>
<exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
<exclude>META-INF/*.DSA</exclude>
<exclude>META-INF/*.RSA</exclude>
</excludes>
</filter>
</filters>
<transformers>
<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
<mainClass>mvnDemo.MvnDemo</mainClass>
</transformer>
</transformers>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
打完的jar如下:
lib中存放的是相关依赖jar包(比如common-lang包);
original-testDemo-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar是仅含源码的jar包;
testDemo-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar是既包含源码又包含相关依赖的jar包。
上述两个jar包分别使用java -jar original-testDemo-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar java -jar testDemo-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar运行都能得到
HELLO MVN
的运行结果。