Gatling:环境搭建、脚本录制、脚本回放、报告查看

一、环境搭建

Gatling环境通过IntelliJ IDEA 工具整合Gatling插件，IntelliJ IDEA安装这里就不赘述了
PS：我这里使用的IDEA版本是ideaIC-2018.2.8、需要MAVEN环境以及JDK1.8环境

1.启动Intellij IEDA后创建maven工程
File->new->project,选择Maven，勾选Create from archetype，点击Add Archetype

点击Project SDK右边的new按钮指定JDK 1.8,选中添加后的archetype点击next

输入GroupId、ArtifactId点击Next

选择maven以及setting.xml,点击Next

点击Finish

此时会进入项目页面，点击Import Changes自动导入变化，此时需要等待Import Changes运行完成。
2.修改pom.xml文件加入Gatling运行插件，完整的pom.xml文件内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>GatlingTestDemo</groupId>
  <artifactId>GatlingTest</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

  <properties>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>

    <gatling.version>3.1.2</gatling.version>
    <gatling-maven-plugin.version>3.0.1</gatling-maven-plugin.version>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>io.gatling.highcharts</groupId>
      <artifactId>gatling-charts-highcharts</artifactId>
      <version>${gatling.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>io.gatling</groupId>
      <artifactId>gatling-app</artifactId>
      <version>${gatling.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>io.gatling</groupId>
      <artifactId>gatling-recorder</artifactId>
      <version>${gatling.version}</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <testSourceDirectory>src/test/scala</testSourceDirectory>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>io.gatling</groupId>
        <artifactId>gatling-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>${gatling-maven-plugin.version}</version>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <goals>
              <goal>test</goal>
            </goals>
          </execution>
        </executions>
        <configuration>
          <!-- the name of the single Simulation class to run -->
          <simulationClass>gatlingTestScripts.RecordedSimulation</simulationClass>
          <!-- if the plugin should run multiple simulations sequentially -->
          <runMultipleSimulations>true</runMultipleSimulations>
          <!-- include filters, see dedicated section below -->
          <includes>
            <include>gatlingTestScripts.RecordedSimulation</include>
          </includes>
          <!-- exclude filters, see dedicated section below -->
          <excludes>
            <exclude></exclude>
          </excludes>
          <!-- to disable generating HTML reports -->
          <noReports>false</noReports>
          <!-- to only trigger generating HTML reports from the log file contained in folder parameter -->
          <reportsOnly></reportsOnly>
          <!-- short text that will be displayed in the HTML reports -->
          <runDescription>design level training demo</runDescription>
          <!-- skip executing this plugin -->
          <skip>false</skip>
          <!-- report failure in case of assertion failure, typically to fail CI pipeline -->
          <failOnError>true</failOnError>
          <!-- keep on executing multiple simulations even if one fails -->
          <continueOnAssertionFailure>false</continueOnAssertionFailure>
          <!-- report results to Jenkins JUnit support -->
          <useOldJenkinsJUnitSupport>false</useOldJenkinsJUnitSupport>
          <jvmArgs>
            <!-- pass extra parameters to the Gatling JVM -->
            <jvmArg>-Dfile.encoding=UTF-8</jvmArg>
          </jvmArgs>
          <!-- if above option should override the defaults instead of replacing them -->
          <overrideJvmArgs>false</overrideJvmArgs>
          <!-- if System properties from the maven JVM should be propagated to the Gatling forked one -->
          <propagateSystemProperties>true</propagateSystemProperties>
          <compilerJvmArgs>
            <!-- pass extra parameters to the Compiler JVM -->
            <compilerJvmArg></compilerJvmArg>
          </compilerJvmArgs>
          <!-- if above option should override the defaults instead of replacing them -->
          <overrideCompilerJvmArgs>false</overrideCompilerJvmArgs>
          <!-- extra options to be passed to scalac -->
          <extraScalacOptions>
            <extraScalacOption></extraScalacOption>
          </extraScalacOptions>
          <!-- if compiler should be disabled, typically another plugin has already compiled sources -->
          <disableCompiler>false</disableCompiler>
          <!-- where the simulations to be compiled are located -->
          <simulationsFolder>${project.basedir}/src/test/scala</simulationsFolder>
          <!-- where the test resources are located -->
          <resourcesFolder>${project.basedir}/src/test/resources</resourcesFolder>
          <!-- where the simulation log and the HTML reports will be generated -->
          <resultsFolder>${project.basedir}/target/gatling/results</resultsFolder>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

然后再Import Changes.
3.配置Run Configurations
点击Add Configuration,点击+号，选择maven，输入name:gatling:test，Command Line:gatling:test然后OK

注意：这里的Command line,输入gatling后会自动提示，并且这里的test和pom.xml中test一致。
4.运行Run Configuration
菜单栏Run->gatling:test，构建后ERROR信息:No simulations to run，就说明环境配置已成功，这是因为没有指定需要构建的测试脚本，录制脚本并在pom.xml中配置后执行就不会报错了。
二、脚本录制以及回放
1.安装Scala插件
录制前需要安装scala插件，安装过程如下：
从IDE菜单：Files->Settings->Plugins进入插件安装界面
点击：Install JetBrains Plugin…
选择Scala插件，点击Install按钮安装
我这里已安装，界面显示如下：

安装完成后重启IDEA，项目显示如下：

注意图中红框内部分，当scala安装成功后，显示如上图。
2.录制脚本
选择Recorder,右键，选择Run ‘Recorder’，填写package和ClassName，Package首字母要小写，localhost HTTP/HTTPS这里需要保证和浏览器代理的端口保持一致，不然录制时采集不到数据，

点击start

操作浏览器后，在配置的package下会生成对应的脚本。
我们录制一个登陆百度的脚本如下图：

3.回放脚本
在pom.xml中配置刚刚录制的脚本，Run->gatling:test，即可回放，回访后console显示Build Success。
三.报告查看
执行成功后，报告会展示在如下目录（在pom.xml中配置）：

打开index.html

报告部分术语解释：
total:总请求次数
OK:成功数
KO:失败数
Req/s:每秒请求次数即吞吐量
Response Time Distribution:响应时间分布
Response Time Percentiles over Time: 百分比响应时间分布
Number of responses per second: 每秒的响应数
Number of requests per second: 每秒的请求数
总结：本文主要讲述Gatling环境搭建，脚本录制、回放以及报告查看，后续会深入学习更新，敬请期待。