Mybatis之嵌套结果,嵌套查询和延迟加载

备注:

1.查询员工表的时候,可能返回很多条,每一条员工数据,有可能需要查询员工所在的部门的表信息;
  查询订单的时候,可能返回很多条,每一条订单数据,有可能需要查询订单对应的产品的具体信息,这个时候需要查询产品表;

1.MyBatis关联查询的方式

1.1.嵌套结果

package com.gupaoedu.domain.associate;

import com.gupaoedu.domain.Author;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class BlogAndAuthor implements Serializable {
    Integer bid; // 文章ID
    String name; // 文章标题
    Author author; // 作者

    public Integer getBid() {
        return bid;
    }

    public void setBid(Integer bid) {
        this.bid = bid;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Author getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(Author author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "BlogAndAuthor{" +
                "bid=" + bid +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", author=" + author +
                '}';
    }
}

    <!-- 根据文章查询作者，一对一查询的结果，嵌套查询 -->
    <!--根据selectBlogWithAuthorResult查询的字段去匹配,其中a.author_id , a.author_name匹配Author类型的author_id和author_name-->
    <resultMap id="BlogWithAuthorResultMap" type="com.gupaoedu.domain.associate.BlogAndAuthor">
        <id column="bid" property="bid" jdbcType="INTEGER"/>
        <result column="name" property="name" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
        <!-- 联合查询，将author的属性映射到ResultMap -->
        <association property="author" javaType="com.gupaoedu.domain.Author">
            <id column="author_id" property="authorId"/>
            <result column="author_name" property="authorName"/>
        </association>
    </resultMap>


    <!-- 根据文章查询作者，一对一,一一匹配,一一对应，嵌套结果，无N+1问题 -->
    <select id="selectBlogWithAuthorResult" resultMap="BlogWithAuthorResultMap" >
        select b.bid, b.name, b.author_id, a.author_id , a.author_name
        from blog b
        left join author a
        on b.author_id=a.author_id
        where b.bid = #{bid, jdbcType=INTEGER}
    </select>

1.2.嵌套查询

    <!-- 另一种联合查询(一对一)的实现，但是这种方式有“N+1”的问题 -->
    <resultMap id="BlogWithAuthorQueryMap" type="com.gupaoedu.domain.associate.BlogAndAuthor">
        <id column="bid" property="bid" jdbcType="INTEGER"/>
        <result column="name" property="name" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
        <association property="author" javaType="com.gupaoedu.domain.Author" column="author_id" select="selectAuthor"/>
    </resultMap>

    <!-- 嵌套查询 -->
    <select id="selectAuthor" parameterType="int" resultType="com.gupaoedu.domain.Author">
        select author_id authorId, author_name authorName
        from author where author_id = #{authorId}
    </select>

举例说明

selectAuthor 定义在下面,这里注意,SQL查询结束,不管你用不用Author对象中的方法和属性,
都会触发selectAuthor,也就是下面的SQL查询,这样实际上会造成资源浪费

@Test
    public void testSelectBlogWithAuthorQuery() throws IOException {
        String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
        InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        BlogMapper mapper = session.getMapper(BlogMapper.class);

        BlogAndAuthor blog = mapper.selectBlogWithAuthorQuery(1);
        System.out.println("-----------:"+blog.getClass());
//<!-- 延迟加载的全局开关。当开启时，所有关联对象都会延迟加载。默认 false  -->
 //       <setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="false"/>
//        System.out.println("-----------getAuthor:"+blog.getAuthor().toString());

    }

通过运行结果发现,即使我们没有使用Author对象的方法和属性,
也会触发第二个Author对象的SQL查询,这就是所谓的N+1问题

1.2.1.解决方案1-延迟加载全局开关:lazyLoadingEnabled

再次执行上面的Test,不会再查询Author对象

但是一旦触发.Author对象的调用,就会延迟加载查询selectAuthor,如下
由于 BlogAndAuthor blog对象中有Author对象,所以一旦打印blog,即触发了selectAuthor

1.2.2. 侵略性的懒加载 aggressiveLazyLoading = true

aggressiveLazyLoading 中文可以这么理解:侵略性的懒加载,
不管怎么样[不管你的lazyLoadingEnabled配置是否开启],关联的查询selectAuthor都会查询

 @Test
    public void testSelectBlogWithAuthorQuery() throws IOException {
        String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
        InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
        SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        BlogMapper mapper = session.getMapper(BlogMapper.class);

        BlogAndAuthor blog = mapper.selectBlogWithAuthorQuery(1);
        System.out.println("-----------:"+blog.getClass());
        // 如果开启了延迟加载，会在使用的时候才发出SQL
        // equals,clone,hashCode,toString也会触发延迟加载
//         System.out.println("-----------调用toString方法:"+blog);
//        System.out.println("-----------getAuthor:"+blog.getAuthor().toString());
        // 如果 aggressiveLazyLoading = true ，也会触发加载，否则不会
        System.out.println("-----------getName:"+blog.getName());
    }

延迟加载能力的对象所用到的代理工具

<!--  Mybatis 创建具有延迟加载能力的对象所用到的代理工具，默认JAVASSIST -->
        <!--<setting name="proxyFactory" value="CGLIB" />-->