本节引言:
学习完Android中的六大布局,从本节开始我们来一个个讲解Android中的UI控件,本节给大家带来的UI控件是:TextView(文本框),用于显示文本的一个控件,另外声明一点,我不是翻译API文档,不会一个个属性的去扣,只学实际开发中常用的,有用的,大家遇到感觉到陌生的属性可以查询对应的API!当然,每一节开始都会贴这一节对应API文档的链接:TextView API 好了,在开始本节内容前,先要介绍下几个单位:
dp(dip): device independent pixels(设备独立像素). 不同设备有不同的显示效果,这个和设备硬件有关,一般我们为了支持WVGA、HVGA和QVGA 推荐使用这个,不依赖像素。
px: pixels(像素). 不同设备显示效果相同,一般我们HVGA代表320x480像素,这个用的比较多。
pt: point,是一个标准的长度单位,1pt=1/72英寸,用于印刷业,非常简单易用;
sp: scaled pixels(放大像素). 主要用于字体显示best for textsize。
1.基础属性详解:
通过下面这个简单的界面,我们来了解几个最基本的属性:
布局代码:
<code class="language-XML hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">RelativeLayout</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:tools</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/tools"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"match_parent"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"match_parent"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">tools:context</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">".MainActivity"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:gravity</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"center"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:background</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"#8fffad"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">TextView </span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@+id/txtOne"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"200dp"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"200dp"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:gravity</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"center"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:text</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"TextView(显示框)"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:textColor</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"#EA5246"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:textStyle</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"bold|italic"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:background</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"#000000"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:textSize</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"18sp"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">RelativeLayout</span>></span> </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li></ul>
上面的TextView中有下述几个属性
- id:为TextView设置一个组件id,根据id,我们可以在Java代码中通过findViewById()的方法获取到该对象,然后进行相关属性的设置,又或者使用RelativeLayout时,参考组件用的也是id!
- layout_width:组件的宽度,一般写:wrap_content或者match_parent(fill_parent),前者是控件显示的内容多大,控件就多大,而后者会填满该控件所在的父容器;当然也可以设置成特定的大小,比如我这里为了显示效果,设置成了200dp。
- layout_height:组件的宽度,内容同上。
- gravity:设置控件中内容的对齐方向,TextView中是文字,ImageView中是图片等等。
- text:设置显示的文本内容,一般我们是把字符串写到string.xml文件中,然后通过@String/xxx取得对应的字符串内容的,这里为了方便我直接就写到”“里,不建议这样写!!!
- textColor:设置字体颜色,同上,通过colors.xml资源来引用,别直接这样写!
- textStyle:设置字体风格,三个可选值:normal(无效果),bold(加粗),italic(斜体)
- textSize:字体大小,单位一般是用sp!
- background:控件的背景颜色,可以理解为填充整个控件的颜色,可以是图片哦!
2.实际开发例子:
2.1 带阴影的TextView
涉及到的几个属性:
- android:shadowColor:设置阴影颜色,需要与shadowRadius一起使用哦!
- android:shadowRadius:设置阴影的模糊程度,设为0.1就变成字体颜色了,建议使用3.0
- android:shadowDx:设置阴影在水平方向的偏移,就是水平方向阴影开始的横坐标位置
- android:shadowDy:设置阴影在竖直方向的偏移,就是竖直方向阴影开始的纵坐标位置
效果图:
实现代码:
<code class="language-XML hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">TextView </span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"wrap_content"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"wrap_content"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_centerInParent</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"true"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:shadowColor</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"#F9F900"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:shadowDx</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"10.0"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:shadowDy</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"10.0"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:shadowRadius</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"3.0"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:text</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"带阴影的TextView"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:textColor</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"#4A4AFF"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:textSize</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"30sp"</span> /></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li></ul>
2.2 带边框的TextView:
如果你想为TextView设置一个边框背景,普通矩形边框或者圆角边框!下面可能帮到你!
另外TextView是很多其他控件的父类,比如Button,也可以设置这样的边框!
实现原理很简单,自行编写一个ShapeDrawable的资源文件!然后TextView将blackgroung
设置为这个drawable资源即可!
简单说下shapeDrawable资源文件的几个节点以及属性:
- <solid android:color = “xxx”> 这个是设置背景颜色的
- <stroke android:width = “xdp” android:color=”xxx”> 这个是设置边框的粗细,以及边框颜色的
- <padding androidLbottom = “xdp”…> 这个是设置边距的
- <corners android:topLeftRadius=”10px”…> 这个是设置圆角的
- <gradient> 这个是设置渐变色的,可选属性有:
startColor:起始颜色 endColor:结束颜色 centerColor:中间颜色
angle:方向角度,等于0时,从左到右,然后逆时针方向转,当angle = 90度时从下往上
type:设置渐变的类型
实现效果图:
代码实现:
Step 1:编写矩形边框的Drawable:
<code class="language-XML hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span> ></span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!-- 设置一个黑色边框 --></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">stroke</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"2px"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:color</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"#000000"</span>/></span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!-- 渐变 --></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">gradient </span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:angle</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"270"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:endColor</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"#C0C0C0"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:startColor</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"#FCD209"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!-- 设置一下边距,让空间大一点 --></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">padding </span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:left</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"5dp"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:top</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"5dp"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:right</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"5dp"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:bottom</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"5dp"</span>/></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span>></span> </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li></ul>
Step 2:编写圆角矩形边框的Drawable:
<code class="language-XML hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-pi" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!-- 设置透明背景色 --></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">solid</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:color</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"#87CEEB"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!-- 设置一个黑色边框 --></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">stroke </span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"2px"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:color</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"#000000"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!-- 设置四个圆角的半径 --></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">corners </span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:bottomLeftRadius</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"10px"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:bottomRightRadius</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"10px"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:topLeftRadius</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"10px"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:topRightRadius</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"10px"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;"><!-- 设置一下边距,让空间大一点 --></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">padding </span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:bottom</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"5dp"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:left</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"5dp"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:right</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"5dp"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:top</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"5dp"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">shape</span>></span> </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li></ul>
Step 3:将TextView的blackground属性设置成上面这两个Drawable:
<code class="language-XML hljs xml has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">LinearLayout</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:android</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">xmlns:tools</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"http://schemas.android.com/tools"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"match_parent"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"match_parent"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:background</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"#FFFFFF"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:gravity</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"center"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:orientation</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"vertical"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">tools:context</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">".MainActivity"</span>></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">TextView </span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@+id/txtOne"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"200dp"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"64dp"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:textSize</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"18sp"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:gravity</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"center"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:background</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@drawable/txt_rectborder"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:text</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"矩形边框的TextView"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"><<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">TextView </span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:id</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@+id/txtTwo"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_width</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"200dp"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_height</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"64dp"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:layout_marginTop</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"10dp"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:textSize</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"18sp"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:gravity</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"center"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:background</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"@drawable/txt_radiuborder"</span> <span class="hljs-attribute" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">android:text</span>=<span class="hljs-value" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 136, 0);">"圆角边框的TextView"</span> /></span> <span class="hljs-tag" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;"></<span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(0, 0, 136);">LinearLayout</span>></span> </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li></ul>
2.3 带图片(drawableXxx)的TextView:
在实际开发中,我们可能会遇到这种需求:
如图,要实现这种效果,可能你的想法是:一个ImageView用于显示图片 + 一个TextView用于显示文字,然后把他们丢到一个LinearLayout中,接着依次创建四个这样的小布局,再另外放到一个大的LinearLayout中,效果是可以实现,但是会不会有点繁琐呢?而且前面我们前面也说过,布局层次越少,性能越好!使用drawableXxx就可以省掉上面的过程,直接设置四个TextView就可以完成我们的需求!
基本用法:
设置图片的核心其实就是:drawableXxx;可以设置四个方向的图片:
drawableTop(上),drawableButtom(下),drawableLeft(左),drawableRight(右)
另外,你也可以使用drawablePadding来设置图片与文字间的间距!
效果图:(设置四个方向上的图片)
实现代码:
<code class="language-XML hljs perl has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><RelativeLayout xmlns:android=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"</span> xmlns:tools=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"http://schemas.android.com/tools"</span> android:layout_width=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"match_parent"</span> android:layout_height=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"match_parent"</span> tools:context=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"com.jay.example.test.MainActivity"</span> > <TextView android:layout_width=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"wrap_content"</span> android:layout_height=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"wrap_content"</span> android:layout_centerInParent=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"true"</span> android:drawableTop=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@drawable</span>/show1"</span> android:drawableLeft=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@drawable</span>/show1"</span> android:drawableRight=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@drawable</span>/show1"</span> android:drawableBottom=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<span class="hljs-variable" style="color: rgb(102, 0, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">@drawable</span>/show1"</span> android:drawablePadding=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"10dp"</span> android:text=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"张全蛋"</span> /> <<span class="hljs-regexp" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">/RelativeLayout> </span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li></ul>
一些问题:
可能你会发现,我们这样设置的drawable并不能自行设置大小,在XML是无法直接设置的;
所以我们需要在Java代码中来进行一个修改!
示例代码如下:
<code class="language-Java hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> com.jay.example.test; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.app.Activity; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.graphics.drawable.Drawable; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.os.Bundle; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.widget.TextView; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">MainActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">Activity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> TextView txtZQD; <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreate</span>(Bundle savedInstanceState) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); txtZQD = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txtZQD); Drawable[] drawable = txtZQD.getCompoundDrawables(); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">// 数组下表0~3,依次是:左上右下 </span> drawable[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>].setBounds(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">200</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">200</span>); txtZQD.setCompoundDrawables(drawable[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>], drawable[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>], drawable[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>], drawable[<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">3</span>]); } } </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li></ul>
运行效果图:
代码分析:
- ①Drawable[] drawable = txtZQD.getCompoundDrawables( );
获得四个不同方向上的图片资源,数组元素依次是:左上右下的图片- ②drawable1.setBounds(100, 0, 200, 200);
接着获得资源后,可以调用setBounds设置左上右下坐标点,比如这里设置了代表的是:
长是:从离文字最左边开始100dp处到200dp处
宽是:从文字上方0dp处往上延伸200dp!- ③txtZQD.setCompoundDrawables(drawable[0], drawable1, drawable2,
drawable3);为TextView重新设置drawable数组!没有图片可以用null代替哦!
PS:另外,从上面看出我们也可以直接在Java代码中调用setCompoundDrawables为
TextView设置图片!
2.4 使用autoLink属性识别链接类型
当文字中出现了URL,E-Mail,电话号码,地图的时候,我们可以通过设置autoLink属性;当我们点击
文字中对应部分的文字,即可跳转至某默认APP,比如一串号码,点击后跳转至拨号界面!
看下效果图:
all就是全部都包含,自动识别协议头~
在Java代码中可以调用setAutoLinkMask(Linkify.ALL);
这个时候可以不写协议头,autolink会自动识别,但是还要为这个TextView设置:
setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance()); 不然点击了是没效果的!
2.5 TextView玩转HTML
如题,除了显示普通文本外,TextView还预定义了一些类似于HTML的标签,通过这些标签,我们可以使
TextView显示不同的字体颜色,大小,字体,甚至是显示图片,或者链接等!我们只要使用HTML中的一些
标签,加上android.text.HTML类的支持,即可完成上述功能!
PS:当然,并不是支持所有的标签,常用的有下述这些:
- <font>:设置颜色和字体。
- <big>:设置字体大号
- <small>:设置字体小号
- <i><b>:斜体粗体
- <a>:连接网址
- <img>:图片
如果直接setText的话是没作用的,我们需要调用Html.fromHtml()方法将字符串转换为CharSequence接口,
然后再进行设置,如果我们需要相应设置,需要为TextView进行设置,调用下述方法:
<code class="language-Java hljs scss has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.<span class="hljs-function" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getInstance()</span>)</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
嗯,接着我们写代码来试试:
1)测试文本与超链接标签
<code class="language-Java hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">package</span> jay.com.example.textviewdemo; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.os.Bundle; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.text.Html; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.text.method.LinkMovementMethod; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.text.util.Linkify; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">import</span> android.widget.TextView; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">MainActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">AppCompatActivity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreate</span>(Bundle savedInstanceState) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); TextView t1 = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.txtOne); String s1 = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<font color='blue'><b>百度一下,你就知道~:</b></font><br>"</span>; s1 += <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"<a href = 'http://www.baidu.com'>百度</a>"</span>; t1.setText(Html.fromHtml(s1)); t1.setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance()); } } </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li></ul>
运行效果图:
恩呢,测试完毕~
2)测试src标签,插入图片:
看下运行效果图:
接下来看下实现代码,实现代码看上去有点复杂,用到了反射(对了,别忘了在drawable目录下放一个icon的图片哦!):
<code class="language-Java hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">MainActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">AppCompatActivity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreate</span>(Bundle savedInstanceState) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); TextView t1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txtOne); String s1 = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"图片:<img src = 'icon'/><br>"</span>; t1.setText(Html.fromHtml(s1, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Html.ImageGetter() { <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> Drawable <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">getDrawable</span>(String source) { Drawable draw = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">try</span> { Field field = R.drawable.class.getField(source); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> resourceId = Integer.parseInt(field.get(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>).toString()); draw = getResources().getDrawable(resourceId); draw.setBounds(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, draw.getIntrinsicWidth(), draw.getIntrinsicHeight()); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">catch</span> (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> draw; } }, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">null</span>)); } }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li></ul>
嘿嘿,你也可以自己试试,比如为图片加上超链接,点击图片跳转这样~
2.6 SpannableString&SpannableStringBuilder定制文本
除了上面的HTML可以定制我们TextView的样式外,还可以使用SpannableString和SpannableStringBuilder来完成,两者区别:前者针对的是不可变文本,而后者则是针对可变文本,这里只讲解前者,对后者有兴趣可自行查阅文本!
SpannableString可供我们使用的API有下面这些:
- BackgroundColorSpan 背景色
- ClickableSpan 文本可点击,有点击事件
- ForegroundColorSpan 文本颜色(前景色)
- MaskFilterSpan 修饰效果,如模糊(BlurMaskFilter)、浮雕(EmbossMaskFilter)
- MetricAffectingSpan 父类,一般不用
- RasterizerSpan 光栅效果
- StrikethroughSpan 删除线(中划线)
- SuggestionSpan 相当于占位符
- UnderlineSpan 下划线
- AbsoluteSizeSpan 绝对大小(文本字体)
- DynamicDrawableSpan 设置图片,基于文本基线或底部对齐。
- ImageSpan 图片
- RelativeSizeSpan 相对大小(文本字体)
- ReplacementSpan 父类,一般不用
- ScaleXSpan 基于x轴缩放
- StyleSpan 字体样式:粗体、斜体等
- SubscriptSpan 下标(数学公式会用到)
- SuperscriptSpan 上标(数学公式会用到)
- TextAppearanceSpan 文本外貌(包括字体、大小、样式和颜色)
- TypefaceSpan 文本字体
- URLSpan 文本超链接
好吧,还是蛮多的,这里给出个最简单的例子吧,其他的参数调用可自行百度谷歌~
1)最简单例子:
运行效果图:
实现代码:
<code class="language-XML hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">MainActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">AppCompatActivity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreate</span>(Bundle savedInstanceState) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); TextView t1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txtOne); TextView t2 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txtTwo); SpannableString span = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> SpannableString(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"红色打电话斜体删除线绿色下划线图片:."</span>); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//1.设置背景色,setSpan时需要指定的flag,Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE(前后都不包括)</span> span.setSpan(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> ForegroundColorSpan(Color.RED), <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>, Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//2.用超链接标记文本</span> span.setSpan(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> URLSpan(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"tel:4155551212"</span>), <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>, Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//3.用样式标记文本(斜体)</span> span.setSpan(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> StyleSpan(Typeface.BOLD_ITALIC), <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">5</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>, Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//4.用删除线标记文本</span> span.setSpan(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> StrikethroughSpan(), <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">7</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>, Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//5.用下划线标记文本</span> span.setSpan(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> UnderlineSpan(), <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">16</span>, Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//6.用颜色标记</span> span.setSpan(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> ForegroundColorSpan(Color.GREEN), <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">10</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">13</span>,Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//7.//获取Drawable资源</span> Drawable d = getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.icon); d.setBounds(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, d.getIntrinsicWidth(), d.getIntrinsicHeight()); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//8.创建ImageSpan,然后用ImageSpan来替换文本</span> ImageSpan imgspan = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> ImageSpan(d, ImageSpan.ALIGN_BASELINE); span.setSpan(imgspan, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">18</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">19</span>, Spannable.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE); t1.setText(span); } }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li></ul>
2)实现部分可点击的TextView
相信玩过QQ空间和微信朋友圈的朋友对下面的东东并不陌生吧,我们可以点击
对应的用户然后进入查看用户相关的信息是吧!
下面我们就来写个简单的例子来实现下效果:
<code class="language-Java hljs java has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-class" style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">MainActivity</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">extends</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(102, 0, 102);">AppCompatActivity</span> {</span> <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">protected</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onCreate</span>(Bundle savedInstanceState) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); TextView t1 = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.txtOne); StringBuilder sb = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> StringBuilder(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> i = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; i < <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">20</span>; i++) { sb.append(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"好友"</span> + i + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">","</span>); } String likeUsers = sb.substring(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, sb.lastIndexOf(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">","</span>)).toString(); t1.setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance()); t1.setText(addClickPart(likeUsers), TextView.BufferType.SPANNABLE); } <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//定义一个点击每个部分文字的处理方法</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span> SpannableStringBuilder <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">addClickPart</span>(String str) { <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//赞的图标,这里没有素材,就找个笑脸代替下~</span> ImageSpan imgspan = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> ImageSpan(MainActivity.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, R.drawable.ic_widget_face); SpannableString spanStr = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> SpannableString(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"p."</span>); spanStr.setSpan(imgspan, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>, <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1</span>, Spannable.SPAN_INCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//创建一个SpannableStringBuilder对象,连接多个字符串</span> SpannableStringBuilder ssb = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> SpannableStringBuilder(spanStr); ssb.append(str); String[] likeUsers = str.split(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">","</span>); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">if</span> (likeUsers.length > <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">for</span> (<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> i = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>; i < likeUsers.length; i++) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> String name = likeUsers[i]; <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">final</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> start = str.indexOf(name) + spanStr.length(); ssb.setSpan(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> ClickableSpan() { <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">onClick</span>(View widget) { Toast.makeText(MainActivity.<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>, name, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } <span class="hljs-annotation" style="color: rgb(155, 133, 157); box-sizing: border-box;">@Override</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> <span class="hljs-title" style="box-sizing: border-box;">updateDrawState</span>(TextPaint ds) { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">super</span>.updateDrawState(ds); <span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//删除下划线,设置字体颜色为蓝色</span> ds.setColor(Color.BLUE); ds.setUnderlineText(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">false</span>); } },start,start + name.length(),<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>); } } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> ssb.append(<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"等"</span> + likeUsers.length + <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"个人觉得很赞"</span>); } }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">29</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">30</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">31</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">32</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">33</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">34</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">35</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">36</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">37</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">38</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">39</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">40</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">41</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">42</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">43</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">44</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">45</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">46</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">47</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">48</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">49</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">50</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">51</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">52</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">53</li></ul>
运行效果图:
核心其实就是:ClickableSpan的设置而已~你可以自己捣鼓着写下QQ空间评论的那个自己写一个~
2.7 实现跑马灯效果的TextView
简单说下什么是跑马灯,就是类似于web一样,有一行字一直循环滚滚动这样,好吧还是看看
实现效果图,一看就懂的了~
实现效果图:
代码实现:
<code class="language-XML hljs applescript has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"> <TextView android:<span class="hljs-property" style="box-sizing: border-box;">id</span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"@+id/txtOne"</span> android:layout_width=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"match_parent"</span> android:layout_height=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"wrap_content"</span> android:textSize=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"18sp"</span> android:singleLine=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"true"</span> android:ellipsize=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"marquee"</span> android:marqueeRepeatLimit=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"marquee_forever"</span> android:focusable=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"true"</span> android:focusableInTouchMode=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"true"</span> android:<span class="hljs-type" style="box-sizing: border-box;">text</span>=<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"你整天说着日了狗日了狗,但是你却没有来,呵呵呵呵呵呵呵呵呵呵~"</span>/></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li></ul>
2.8 设置TextView字间距和行间距
就像我们平时编写文档的时候,我们需要排版,设置下行或者字之间的间距是吧:
Android中的TextView也可以进行这样的设置:
字间距:
<code class="hljs cpp has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;">android:textScaleX:调节字间距的,默认值<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">1.0f</span>,值是<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">float</span> Java中setScaleX(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">2.0f</span>); </code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li></ul>
行间距:
Android系统中TextView默认显示中文时会比较紧凑,为了让每行保持的行间距
android:lineSpacingExtra:设置行间距,如”3dp”
android:lineSpacingMultiplier:设置行间距的倍数,如”1.2”
Java代码中可以通过:
setLineSpacing方法来设置
2.9 自动换行
先说下,如果一行显示不完,可以用:
<code class="language-XML hljs avrasm has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-label" style="box-sizing: border-box;">android:</span>singleLine = <span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"ture"</span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li></ul>
除此之外,可以也设置多行显示不完,添加个maxLines的属性即可!
3.本节小结:
本节对Android中的TextView控件进行了详细的解析,提供了开发中常见的一些问题的解决方法,相信
会为你的实际开发带来大大的便利,另外,笔者能力有限,写出来的东西可能有些纰漏,欢迎指出,
不胜感激~