算法（一）---字符串匹配算法

需求：给定两个字符串，判断长字符串中是否包含有短字符串，假如包含，输出短字符串在长字符串中的起始位置。

下面代码是JDK中java.lang.String类中 int indexOf(String str) 字符串匹配函数的代码。

/**
     * Code shared by String and StringBuffer to do searches. The
     * source is the character array being searched, and the target
     * is the string being searched for.
     *
     * @param   source       the characters being searched.
     * @param   sourceOffset offset of the source string.
     * @param   sourceCount  count of the source string.
     * @param   target       the characters being searched for.
     * @param   targetOffset offset of the target string.
     * @param   targetCount  count of the target string.
     * @param   fromIndex    the index to begin searching from.
     */
    static int indexOf(char[] source, int sourceOffset, int sourceCount,
            char[] target, int targetOffset, int targetCount,
            int fromIndex) {
        if (fromIndex >= sourceCount) {
            return (targetCount == 0 ? sourceCount : -1);
        }
        if (fromIndex < 0) {
            fromIndex = 0;
        }
        if (targetCount == 0) {
            return fromIndex;
        }

        char first = target[targetOffset];
        int max = sourceOffset + (sourceCount - targetCount);

        for (int i = sourceOffset + fromIndex; i <= max; i++) {
            /* Look for first character. */
            if (source[i] != first) {
                while (++i <= max && source[i] != first);
            }

            /* Found first character, now look at the rest of v2 */
            if (i <= max) {
                int j = i + 1;
                int end = j + targetCount - 1;
                for (int k = targetOffset + 1; j < end && source[j]
                        == target[k]; j++, k++);

                if (j == end) {
                    /* Found whole string. */
                    return i - sourceOffset;
                }
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }

附上调用上述函数的代码：

public static void main(String[] args) {
		Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
		
		while(in.hasNext()){
			String str = in.nextLine();
			String subStr = in.nextLine();
			
			char[] source = str.toCharArray();
			int sourceOffset = 0;
			int sourceCount = str.length();
			char[] target = subStr.toCharArray();
			int targetOffset = 0;
			int targetCount = subStr.length();
			int fromIndex = 0;
			int result = indexOf(source, sourceOffset, sourceCount,
		            target, targetOffset, targetCount,
		            fromIndex);
			if (result < 0) {
				System.out.println("长字符串不包含短字符串！");
			} else {
				System.out.println("长字符串中包含有短字符串！");
			}
		}
}