Elasticsearch6.3.1存储JSON文档 -- object和NESTED

简述

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JSON格式毋庸置疑是使用比较广泛的数据格式。如今，我们使用ES怎么存储JSON格式的数据呢？又怎么查询呢？

Object类型

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ES使用object数据类型来存储json格式的数据。下面我们来试验一下：

• 我们使用ES存储下面的json字符串

{
  "dynasty":"Qing",
  "emperor":"Qianlong",
  "woman":[
    {
    "name":"YanXi",
    "age":"27",
    "address":"YanXiGong"
    },
       {
    "name":"XianFei",
    "age":"37",
    "address":"ChengQianGong"
    }, 
    {
    "name":"HuangHou",
    "age":"35",
    "address":"ChangQingGong"
    }
  ]
}

• 创建mapping

{
  "mappings": {
    "_doc": { 
      "properties": {
        "dynasty": {
          "type": "keyword"
        },
       "emperor": {
          "type": "text"
        },
        "woman": { 
          "properties": {
            "age":  { "type": "integer" },
            "name": {"type": "text"},
            "address": {"type": "text"}
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

• 插入数据

{
"dynasty": "Qing",
"emperor": "Qianlong",
"woman": [
{
"name": "YanXi",
"age": "27",
"address": "YanXiGong"
}
,
{
"name": "XianFei",
"age": "37",
"address": "ChengQianGong"
}
,
{
"name": "HuangHou",
"age": "35",
"address": "ChangQingGong"
}
]
}

• 查看数据
  
• 查询
  

纳尼？？为啥查出来了呢？？我用的是must的呀，并且YanXi没有37岁呀

• 解释
  这是因为我们上面传入的json文档都存为了一条文档中了，上面的插入其实被转化为：

{
  "dynasty": "Qing",
  "emperor": "Qianlong",
  "woman.name":["YanXi", "XianFei", "HuangHou"],
  "woman.age":["27", "37", "35"],
  "woman.address":["YanXiGong", "ChengQianGong", "ChangQingGong"]

}

怎么办呢？！！那就是Nested类型的用武之地了

Nested

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• mapping

{
  "mappings": {
    "_doc": {
      "properties": {
        "dynasty": {
          "type": "keyword"
        },
        "emperor": {
          "type": "text"
        },
        "woman": {
          "type": "nested",
          "properties": {
            "age": {
              "type": "integer"
            },
            "name": {
              "type": "text"
            },
            "address": {
              "type": "text"
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

• 插入数据

{
"dynasty": "Qing",
"emperor": "Qianlong",
"woman": [
{
"name": "YanXi",
"age": "27",
"address": "YanXiGong"
}
,
{
"name": "XianFei",
"age": "37",
"address": "ChengQianGong"
}
,
{
"name": "HuangHou",
"age": "35",
"address": "ChangQingGong"
}
]
}

• 查询

• 查询
  
  不过NESTED类型有限制的，嵌套数量不能多于50个

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