关于g++中拷贝构造函数被优化的情况

参阅如下代码：

cat t1.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
using namespace std;

class A{
public:
        A(int _i,int _j){
                cout<<"con 2"<<endl;
                i = _i;
                j = _j;
                a = 999;
        };
        A(const A& a){
                cout<<"copy"<<endl;
                this->i = a.i;
                this->a = a.j;
                this->j = 888;
        };
        ~A(){
                cout<<"d"<<endl;
        };
        A& operator=(const A& other){
                cout<<"in operator"<<endl;
                this->i = other.i;
                this->a = other.j;
                this->j = 777;
                return *this;
        }
        int i;
        int a;
        int j;
};
A f()
{
        A i(1,2);
        printf("in f():i addr is =%x\n",&i);
        return i;
}

int main()
{
        A b = f();
        printf("in main():b addr is =%x====i=%d====j=%d=====a=%d\n",&b,b.i,b.j,b.a);
}

编译运行后发现如下问题：

1，f()函数返回时的拷贝构造函数没有调用，导致main()函数中的b对象没有得到预期值；

2，打印f()函数中的对象i和main()函数中的对象b，发现地址一致；说明整个程序中只产生了一个对象。

con 2
in f():i addr is =796bb0
in main():b addr is =796bb0====i=1====j=2=====a=999
d

经过查阅网络资料，发现  http://bbs.csdn.net/topics/390542033 帖子也遇到了同样的问题，并给出了答案，由于优化的原因，导致了函数f()的返回值被放到了调用方main中。

看看多个变量从f()中生成的情况，事实上变量都是在main()中：

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
using namespace std;

class A{
public:
        A(int _i,int _j){
                cout<<"con 2"<<endl;
                i = _i;
                j = _j;
                a = 999;
        };
        A(const A& a){
                cout<<"copy"<<endl;
                this->i = a.i;
                this->a = a.j;
                this->j = 888;
        };
        ~A(){
                cout<<"d"<<endl;
        };
        A& operator=(const A& other){
                cout<<"in operator"<<endl;
                this->i = other.i;
                this->a = other.j;
                this->j = 777;
                return *this;
        }
        int i;
        int a;
        int j;
};
A f()
{
        A i(1,2);
        printf("in f():i addr is =%x\n",&i);
        return i;
}

A call_f()
{
        A c = f();
        printf("in caller ():c addr is =%x\n",&c);
        return c;
}

int main()
{
        int i;
        A a = call_f();
        A b = f();
        A c = f();
        printf("in main() i addr is %x\n",&i);
        printf("in main():a addr is =%x====i=%d====j=%d=====a=%d\n",&a,a.i,a.j,a.a);
        printf("in main():b addr is =%x====i=%d====j=%d=====a=%d\n",&b,b.i,b.j,b.a);
        printf("in main():c addr is =%x====i=%d====j=%d=====a=%d\n",&c,c.i,c.j,c.a);

}


./a.out
con 2
in f():i addr is =d774aae0
in caller ():c addr is =d774aae0
con 2
in f():i addr is =d774aad0
con 2
in f():i addr is =d774aac0
in main() i addr is d774aaec
in main():a addr is =d774aae0====i=1====j=2=====a=999
in main():b addr is =d774aad0====i=1====j=2=====a=999
in main():c addr is =d774aac0====i=1====j=2=====a=999
d
d
d