k8s 常用命令

#查看kubelet状态
systemctl status kubelet

#查看pod和包括命名空间、节点、IP 等信息
kubectl get po -A -owide
NAMESPACE       NAME                                       READY   STATUS      RESTARTS      AGE     IP                NODE     NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
dev             nginx-deployment-8695556f64-7r8kk          1/1     Running     0             14d     10.244.104.15     node2    <none>           <none>
dev             nginx-deployment-8695556f64-q7n5t          1/1     Running     0             14d     10.244.166.139    node1    <none>           <none>

#查看svc，ns
kubectl get svc,ns -A
NAMESPACE       NAME                                         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)                      AGE
default         service/kubernetes                           ClusterIP   10.96.0.1        <none>        443/TCP                      15d
dev             service/nginx-service                        ClusterIP   None             <none>        80/TCP                       14d
dev             service/tomcat-service                       ClusterIP   None             <none>        8080/TCP                     14d
ingress-nginx   service/ingress-nginx-controller             NodePort    10.104.209.106   <none>        80:30621/TCP,443:32240/TCP   15d
ingress-nginx   service/ingress-nginx-controller-admission   ClusterIP   10.96.201.39     <none>        443/TCP                      15d
kube-system     service/kube-dns                             ClusterIP   10.96.0.10       <none>        53/UDP,53/TCP,9153/TCP       15d

NAMESPACE   NAME                        STATUS   AGE
            namespace/default           Active   15d
            namespace/dev               Active   14d

#查看deployment
kubectl get deployment -A
NAMESPACE     NAME                      READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
dev           nginx-deployment          0/2     2            0           14d
dev           tomcat-deployment         0/2     2            0           14d

#查看特定部署的详细信息
kubectl describe deployment nginx-deployment -n dev
Name:                   nginx-deployment
Namespace:              dev
CreationTimestamp:      Tue, 26 Dec 2023 08:03:02 +0000
Labels:                 <none>
Annotations:            deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: 1
Selector:               app=nginx-pod
Replicas:               2 desired | 2 updated | 2 total | 0 available | 2 unavailable
StrategyType:           RollingUpdate
MinReadySeconds:        0
RollingUpdateStrategy:  25% max unavailable, 25% max surge
Pod Template:
  Labels:  app=nginx-pod
  Containers:
   nginx:
    Image:        nginx:1.17.1
    Port:         80/TCP
    Host Port:    0/TCP
    Environment:  <none>
    Mounts:
      /etc/nginx/nginx.conf from nginx-config (rw,path="nginx.conf")
      /usr/share/nginx/html from nfs-volume (rw)
  Volumes:
   nginx-config:
    Type:      ConfigMap (a volume populated by a ConfigMap)
    Name:      nginx-config
    Optional:  false
   nfs-volume:
    Type:       PersistentVolumeClaim (a reference to a PersistentVolumeClaim in the same namespace)
    ClaimName:  nginx-pvc
    ReadOnly:   false
Conditions:
  Type           Status  Reason
  ----           ------  ------
  Progressing    True    NewReplicaSetAvailable
  Available      False   MinimumReplicasUnavailable
OldReplicaSets:  <none>
NewReplicaSet:   nginx-deployment-8695556f64 (2/2 replicas created)
Events:          <none>

#查看特定节点的详细信息
kubectl describe node node1
Name:               node1
Roles:              <none>
Labels:             beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64
                    beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux
                    kubernetes.io/arch=amd64
                    kubernetes.io/hostname=node1
                    kubernetes.io/os=linux
Annotations:        kubeadm.alpha.kubernetes.io/cri-socket: /var/run/dockershim.sock
                    node.alpha.kubernetes.io/ttl: 0
                    projectcalico.org/IPv4Address: 192.168.189.129/24
                    volumes.kubernetes.io/controller-managed-attach-detach: true
CreationTimestamp:  Mon, 25 Dec 2023 07:19:49 +0000
Taints:             node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoSchedule
Unschedulable:      false
Lease:
  HolderIdentity:  node1
  AcquireTime:     <unset>
  RenewTime:       Tue, 09 Jan 2024 19:59:11 +0000
Conditions:
  Type                 Status    LastHeartbeatTime                 LastTransitionTime                Reason              Message
  ----                 ------    -----------------                 ------------------                ------              -------
  NetworkUnavailable   False     Tue, 26 Dec 2023 07:53:44 +0000   Tue, 26 Dec 2023 07:53:44 +0000   CalicoIsUp          Calico is running on this node
  MemoryPressure       Unknown   Tue, 09 Jan 2024 19:57:57 +0000   Wed, 10 Jan 2024 03:07:28 +0000   NodeStatusUnknown   Kubelet stopped posting node status.

#查看特定服务的详细信息
kubectl describe service nginx-service -n dev
Name:              nginx-service
Namespace:         dev
Labels:            <none>
Annotations:       <none>
Selector:          app=nginx-pod
Type:              ClusterIP
IP Family Policy:  SingleStack
IP Families:       IPv4
IP:                None
IPs:               None
Port:              <unset>  80/TCP
TargetPort:        80/TCP
Endpoints:         
Session Affinity:  None
Events:            <none>

#查看特定副本集的详细信息
kubectl get replicaset -A
NAMESPACE     NAME                                 DESIRED   CURRENT   READY   AGE
dev           nginx-deployment-8695556f64          2         2         0       14d
dev           tomcat-deployment-966d8996           2         2         0       14d
kube-system   calico-kube-controllers-5d4b78db86   1         1         0       15d
kube-system   coredns-7f6cbbb7b8                   2         2         0       15d

kubectl describe replicaset nginx-deployment-8695556f64 -n dev
Name:           nginx-deployment-8695556f64
Namespace:      dev
Selector:       app=nginx-pod,pod-template-hash=8695556f64
Labels:         app=nginx-pod
                pod-template-hash=8695556f64
Annotations:    deployment.kubernetes.io/desired-replicas: 2
                deployment.kubernetes.io/max-replicas: 3
                deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: 1
Controlled By:  Deployment/nginx-deployment
Replicas:       2 current / 2 desired
Pods Status:    2 Running / 0 Waiting / 0 Succeeded / 0 Failed
Pod Template:
  Labels:  app=nginx-pod
           pod-template-hash=8695556f64
  Containers:
   nginx:
    Image:        nginx:1.17.1
    Port:         80/TCP
    Host Port:    0/TCP
    Environment:  <none>
    Mounts:
      /etc/nginx/nginx.conf from nginx-config (rw,path="nginx.conf")
      /usr/share/nginx/html from nfs-volume (rw)
  Volumes:
   nginx-config:
    Type:      ConfigMap (a volume populated by a ConfigMap)
    Name:      nginx-config
    Optional:  false
   nfs-volume:
    Type:       PersistentVolumeClaim (a reference to a PersistentVolumeClaim in the same namespace)
    ClaimName:  nginx-pvc
    ReadOnly:   false
Events:         <none>

#查看特定持久卷和持久卷说明的详细信息
kubectl get pv,pvc -A
NAME                         CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   RECLAIM POLICY   STATUS   CLAIM            STORAGECLASS   REASON   AGE
persistentvolume/nginx-pv    1Gi        RWX            Retain           Bound    dev/nginx-pvc                            14d
persistentvolume/tomcat-pv   1Gi        RWX            Retain           Bound    dev/tomcat-pvc                           14d

NAMESPACE   NAME                               STATUS   VOLUME      CAPACITY   ACCESS MODES   STORAGECLASS   AGE
dev         persistentvolumeclaim/nginx-pvc    Bound    nginx-pv    1Gi        RWX                           14d
dev         persistentvolumeclaim/tomcat-pvc   Bound    tomcat-pv   1Gi        RWX                           14d

kubectl describe pv nginx-pv
Name:            nginx-pv
Labels:          <none>
Annotations:     pv.kubernetes.io/bound-by-controller: yes
Finalizers:      [kubernetes.io/pv-protection]
StorageClass:    
Status:          Bound
Claim:           dev/nginx-pvc
Reclaim Policy:  Retain
Access Modes:    RWX
VolumeMode:      Filesystem
Capacity:        1Gi
Node Affinity:   <none>
Message:         
Source:
    Type:      NFS (an NFS mount that lasts the lifetime of a pod)
    Server:    192.168.189.132
    Path:      /var/nfsdata/nginx
    ReadOnly:  false
Events:        <none>

kubectl describe pvc nginx-pv -n dev
Name:          nginx-pvc
Namespace:     dev
StorageClass:  
Status:        Bound
Volume:        nginx-pv
Labels:        <none>
Annotations:   pv.kubernetes.io/bind-completed: yes
Finalizers:    [kubernetes.io/pvc-protection]
Capacity:      1Gi
Access Modes:  RWX
VolumeMode:    Filesystem
Used By:       nginx-deployment-8695556f64-7r8kk
               nginx-deployment-8695556f64-q7n5t
Events:        <none>


#查看pod的日志
kubectl logs -fn10 nginx-deployment-8695556f64-7r8kk -n dev

#使用--timestamps选项可以显示每个日志条目的时间戳
kubectl logs tomcat-deployment-966d8996-p6kzh --timestamps -n dev

#查看Deployment的历史版本号如果您使用的是其他控制器（如StatefulSet或DaemonSet），则可能需要使用不同的命令来查看历史版本号。
kubectl rollout history deployment/nginx-deployment -n dev

#查看特定版本的详细信息
kubectl rollout history deployment/nginx-deployment --revision=1

#进入Kubernetes的Pod
kubectl exec -it nginx-deployment-8695556f64-7r8kk -n dev -- /bin/bash