socket编程：服务端和客户端编程流程、connect()函数

1. 服务端编程流程

• 引入网络头文件、网络库
• 打开网络库
• 校验版本
• 创建SOCKET
• 绑定地址与端口
• 开始监听
• 创建客户端socket/接收连接
• 与客户端收发消息

2. 客户端编程流程

• 引入网络头文件、网络库
• 打开网络库
• 校验版本
• 创建SOCKET
• 链接到服务器
• 与服务器收发消息

3. connect()函数

int WSAAPI connect(
  SOCKET         s,
  const sockaddr *name,
  int            namelen
);

4. 客户端示例代码

#ifndef UNICODE
#define UNICODE
#endif

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN

#include <winsock2.h>
#include <ws2tcpip.h>
#include <stdio.h>

// Need to link with Ws2_32.lib
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

int wmain()
{
    //----------------------
    // Initialize Winsock
    WSADATA wsaData;
    int iResult = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData);
    if (iResult != NO_ERROR) {
        wprintf(L"WSAStartup function failed with error: %d\n", iResult);
        return 1;
    }
    //----------------------
    // Create a SOCKET for connecting to server
    SOCKET ConnectSocket;
    ConnectSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
    if (ConnectSocket == INVALID_SOCKET) {
        wprintf(L"socket function failed with error: %ld\n", WSAGetLastError());
        WSACleanup();
        return 1;
    }
    //----------------------
    // The sockaddr_in structure specifies the address family,
    // IP address, and port of the server to be connected to.
    sockaddr_in clientService;
    clientService.sin_family = AF_INET;
    clientService.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
    clientService.sin_port = htons(27015);

    //----------------------
    // Connect to server.
    iResult = connect(ConnectSocket, (SOCKADDR *) & clientService, sizeof (clientService));
    if (iResult == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        wprintf(L"connect function failed with error: %ld\n", WSAGetLastError());
        iResult = closesocket(ConnectSocket);
        if (iResult == SOCKET_ERROR)
            wprintf(L"closesocket function failed with error: %ld\n", WSAGetLastError());
        WSACleanup();
        return 1;
    }

    wprintf(L"Connected to server.\n");

    iResult = closesocket(ConnectSocket);
    if (iResult == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        wprintf(L"closesocket function failed with error: %ld\n", WSAGetLastError());
        WSACleanup();
        return 1;
    }

    WSACleanup();
    return 0;
}