[Ruby笔记]6. Ruby load require 使用对比

Example

files

当前目录下有两个文件 loaddemo.rb 以及 loadee.rb

PS C:\Users\Administrator\RubyCode> ls


Mode                LastWriteTime     Length Name
----                -------------     ------ ----
-a---         2016/5/19      1:47        182 loaddemo.rb
-a---         2016/5/19      1:31         33 loadee.rb

code

两个文件的源码分别如下 : （# 是Ruby的注释符号）

PS C:\Users\Administrator\RubyCode> more loaddemo.rb

puts "This is the first(master) program file."

# load "loadee.rb"
# require "./loadee.rb"
# require "./loadee"
require_relative "loadee"

puts "And back again to the first file."



PS C:\Users\Administrator\RubyCode> more loadee.rb

puts "> This is the second file."

run

四种用法效果都是一样的，第一句和第三句来自loaddemo.rb 第二句来自laodee.rb

PS C:\Users\Administrator\RubyCode> ruby loaddemo.rb

This is the first(master) program file. 
> This is the second file.
And back again to the first file.

load vs require

difference

• require 只会加载一次，同名的方法不会被二次加载，一般来说 require a feature（not require a file）；
• load 可以多次加载，文件如果有部分改写，会随即更新；

usage

下面是典型的require a feature用法：

PS C:\Users\Administrator\RubyCode> irb

irb(main):001:0> "Hello world".scanf("%s%s")
NoMethodError: undefined method `scanf' for "Hello world":String
Did you mean?  scan
        from (irb):1
        from C:/Ruby23-x64/bin/irb.cmd:19:in `<main>'

irb(main):002:0> require "scanf"
=> true
irb(main):003:0> "Hello world".scanf("%s%s")
=> ["Hello", "world"]

Extra

Ruby extension （ written in the C programming language）.

Reference

《The Well-Grounded Rubyist, Second Edition》
(https://www.manning.com/books/the-well-grounded-rubyist-second-edition)
1.3. Ruby extensions and programming libraries

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