I/O :文件流

首先搞清流的输入输入出

图解：

1. ifstream: 搞出的是输入文件流对象
2. ofstream: 搞出的是输出文件流对象

fstream 输入输出文件流

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>

using namespace std;

struct Student
{
    char name[10];
    char num[20];
    int age;
};

void disp_all(Student *t, int len)
{
    cout << "---------------------" << endl;
    for(int i=0; i<len; i++)
    {
        cout << "number: " << (t+i)->num << endl;
        cout << "name: " << (t+i)->name << ", age: " << (t+i)->age << endl;
    }
}
void disp(Student *t)
{
    cout << "number: " << t->num << endl;
    cout << "name: " << t->name << ", age: " << t->age << endl;
}

int main()
{
    Student stu[5] = {
        "Larry", "1221010", 18,
        "DaWei", "1221011", 18,
        "LiLi", "1221012", 20,
        "PaPa", "1221013", 19,
        "HuoFu","1221014", 10,
    };

    //这种方式不会默认的创建文件
    fstream iofile("file/save2.dat", ios::in|ios::out|ios::binary);
    if(!iofile)
    {
        cerr<< "open error" << endl;
        abort();//与exit（）的作用相同
    }

    // 作用: 将stu中的5个元素写到磁盘文件中
    for(int i=0; i<5; i++)
        iofile.write((char *)&stu[i], sizeof(Student));

    Student g[5] = {0};

    //作用: 将文件中的5个元素读入内存
    iofile.seekg(0, ios::beg);//将文件指针指向文件开头
    for(int i=0; i<5; i++)
    {
        iofile.read((char *)&g[i], sizeof(g[i]));
        cout << iofile.tellg() << endl;
    }

    disp_all(g, 5);

    strcpy(stu[2].name,"huahua");
    strcpy(stu[2].num, "1234" );
    stu[2].age = 12;

    //将一个stu元素放在文件开头指定个字节处
    iofile.seekp(2*sizeof(Student), ios::beg);
    iofile.write((char *)&stu[2], sizeof(Student));

    iofile.seekg(2*sizeof(Student), ios::beg);
    iofile.read((char *)&g[2], sizeof(Student));

    disp_all(g, 5);

    iofile.close();

    return 0;
}

下面这个在重载输入流的时候用过
cin 流出错
if(cin) ….

---

标准输出流里
cout.unsetf(ios::dex); //关掉10进制
cout.setf(ios::showbase); //在进制前加上大小写字母