Arrays用法整理

本文将整理  java.util.Arrays  工具类比较常用的方法： 
本文介绍的方法基于JDK 1.7 之上。 
1.  asList方法   

@SafeVarargs
    public static <T> List<T> asList(T... a) {
        return new ArrayList<>(a);
    }

   使用该方法可以返回一个固定大小的List，如： 

List<String> stringList = Arrays.asList("Welcome", "To", "Java",
        "World!");

    List<Integer> intList = Arrays.asList(1, 2, 3, 4);

   
2. binarySearch方法  

binarySearch方法支持在整个数组中查找，如： 

int index = Arrays.binarySearch(new int[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 }, 6);

以及在某个区间范围内查找， 如： 

public static int binarySearch(int[] a, int fromIndex, int toIndex,
                                   int key) {
        rangeCheck(a.length, fromIndex, toIndex);
        return binarySearch0(a, fromIndex, toIndex, key);
    }

int index = Arrays.binarySearch(new int[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 }, 1, 6, 6);

3. copyOf及copyOfRange方法  

如： 

String[] names2 = { "Eric", "John", "Alan", "Liz" };


    //[Eric, John, Alan]
    String[] copy = Arrays.copyOf(names2, 3);
    
    //[Alan, Liz]
    String[] rangeCopy = Arrays.copyOfRange(names2, 2,
        names2.length);

4. sort方法  

String[] names = { "Liz", "John", "Eric", "Alan" };
//只排序前两个
//[John, Liz, Eric, Alan]
Arrays.sort(names, 0, 2);
//全部排序
//[Alan, Eric, John, Liz]
Arrays.sort(names);

另外，Arrays的sort方法也可以结合比较器，完成更加复杂的排序。 

public static <T> void sort(T[] a, Comparator<? super T> c) {
        if (LegacyMergeSort.userRequested)
            legacyMergeSort(a, c);
        else
            TimSort.sort(a, c);
    }

5. toString方法  
Arrays的toString方法可以方便我们打印出数组内容。 
如： 

String[] names = { "Liz", "John", "Eric", "Alan" };
  Arrays.sort(names);
  System.out.println(Arrays.toString(names));

控制台将打印出  [Alan, Eric, John, Liz]  
6. deepToString方法  
如果需要打印二维数组的内容： 
int[][] stuGrades = { { 80, 81, 82 }, { 84, 85, 86 }, { 87, 88, 89 } }; 
如果直接用

System.out.println(Arrays.toString(stuGrades));

那么得到的结果类似于 
     [[I@35ce36, [I@757aef, [I@d9f9c3]} 
这个时候得用  deepToString  方法才能得到正确的结果[[80, 81, 82], [84, 85, 86], [87, 88, 89]] 

System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(stuGrades));

7. equals方法  
使用Arrays.equals来比较1维数组是否相等。 

String[] names1 = { "Eric", "John", "Alan", "Liz" };

    String[] names2 = { "Eric", "John", "Alan", "Liz" };

    System.out.println(Arrays.equals(names1, names2));

8. deepEquals方法  
Arrays.deepEquals能够去判断更加复杂的数组是否相等。 

int[][] stuGrades1 = { { 80, 81, 82 }, { 84, 85, 86 }, { 87, 88, 89 } };

    int[][] stuGrades2 = { { 80, 81, 82 }, { 84, 85, 86 }, { 87, 88, 89 } };

    System.out.println(Arrays.deepEquals(stuGrades1, stuGrades2));

9. fill方法  

int[] array1 = new int[8];
    Arrays.fill(array1, 1);
    //[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]
    System.out.println(array1.toString())