Java序列化与反序列化实例

需要序列化的类需要实现Seriallizable接口，该接口并没有域，仅仅祈祷标记实现类可以序列化。

package serialize;

import java.io.Serializable;

/**
 * @author Wangxingze
 * @date 2019-07-30 16:37
 */
public class Person implements Serializable {

    private final static  long serialVersionUID= 2454887415455L;

    private String name;

    private Integer age;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

序列化和反序列化所需的IO流必须时ObjectInputStream和ObjectOutputStream包裹字节流（比如FileInputStream）,而不能是Reader或者Writer(他们是操作字符串的)。

package serialize;

import java.io.*;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

/**
 * @author Wangxingze
 * @date 2019-07-30 16:43
 */
public class SerialMain {


    private static void writeObject(Object person) {

        ObjectOutputStream outputStream = null;
        try {
            outputStream = new ObjectOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File("C:\\Users\\86137\\Desktop\\复习总结1.0\\person.txt")));
            outputStream.writeObject(person);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                outputStream.close();
            } catch (Exception e) {
                System.out.println("输出流关闭失败");
            }

        }

    }


    private static Object readObject() {
        ObjectInputStream inputStream = null;
        try {
            inputStream = new ObjectInputStream(new FileInputStream("C:\\Users\\86137\\Desktop\\复习总结1.0\\person.txt"));
            Object o = inputStream.readObject();
            return o;
        } catch (IOException | ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return null;
        } finally {
            try {
                inputStream.close();
            } catch (Exception e) {

            }
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Person person = new Person();
        // writeObject(person);
        Person person1 = (Person) readObject();
        person1.setName("xaaxxa");
        System.out.println(person1.getName());
    }

}

SerialVersionUID的作用是进行版本验证，反序列化时不仅要比较代码是否一致，还有比较SerialVersionUID，如果不同则会抛出异常java.io.InvalidClassException: serialize.Person; local class incompatible: stream classdesc serialVersionUID = 2454887415455, local class serialVersionUID = 454887415455 at java.io.ObjectStreamClass.initNonProxy(ObjectStreamClass.java:699) at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readNonProxyDesc(ObjectInputStream.java:1885) at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readClassDesc(ObjectInputStream.java:1751) at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readOrdinaryObject(ObjectInputStream.java:2042) at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject0(ObjectInputStream.java:1573) at java.io.ObjectInputStream.readObject(ObjectInputStream.java:431) at serialize.SerialMain.readObject(SerialMain.java:37) at serialize.SerialMain.main(SerialMain.java:54) Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException at serialize.SerialMain.main(SerialMain.java:55)

transient关键字修饰的变量不会被序列化（安全），反序列化后该变量的值为null，静态变量不会被序列化，因为它是属于类的，而不是对象。