SpringMVC学习笔记-Hello world

项目结构如图

web.xml配置拦截

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
	id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">

	<!-- 配置springDispatcherServlet -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

springMVC.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">

<context:component-scan base-package="com.springmvc"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

HelloWorld.java

package com.springmvc.handlers;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class HelloWorld {

	/**
	 * 使用@RequestMapping注解来映射请求URL
	 * 返回值会用过视图解析器解析为实际的物理视图
	 * InternalResourceViewResolver视图解析器会做如下解析
	 * prefix+returnVal+后缀得到实际的物理视图，然后做转发操作
	 * WEN-INF/views/success.jsp
	 * @return
	 */
	@RequestMapping("/helloworld")
	public String hello() {
		System.out.println("Hello world!!!");
		return "success";
	}
}

index.jsp中只有一个超链接

<a href="helloworld">helloworld</a>

success.jsp表示成功页面

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在配置web.xml的时候也可以采用如下方式

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
	id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">

	<!-- 配置springDispatcherServlet -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
		<!-- 
			也可以使用spring默认的配置方式来写配置文件
			默认的配置文件为：/WEB-INF/<servlet-name>-servlet.xml
		 -->
		<!-- 
		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		 -->
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

此时项目的目录结构如图

把之前的springMVC.xml改为springDispatcherServlet-servlet.xml放在web-inf目录下

源码http://yunpan.cn/lk/cyWpCtiRtvvDJ  访问密码 e5ab

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@RequestMapping修饰类

@RequestMapping("/springmvc")//此路径是相对于web应用根目录的路径
@Controller
public class SpringMVCTest {

	private static final String SUCCESS = "success";
	
	/**
	 * @RequestMapping 除了修饰方法还可以修饰类
	 * 类定义处：提供初步的请求映射信息，相对于WEB应用的根目录
	 * 方法处：提供进一步的细分映射信息
	 * @return
	 */
	//此时请求应写为http://localhost:8080/SpringMVC/springmvc/testRequestMapping
	@RequestMapping("/testRequestMapping")//此路径是相对于类上面注解的路径
	public String testRequestMapping() {
		System.out.println("testRequestMapping");
		return SUCCESS;
	}
}

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