如何在java中获取线程异步执行之后的结果

java中提供了Future<V>接口和实现了Future接口的FutureTask<V> 类来将线程执行之后的结果返回（通过get()方法）。

1.Future<V>接口

Runnable接口执行任务是不返回任何值的，Runnable的run()方法的执行结果是void,而Future接口的call方法是有返回结果的，这是Runnable跟Future的区别之一，它们的另一个不同之处就是实现了Runnable接口的任务执行是调用ExecutorService的execute(Runnable task)方法，而实现了Future接口的任务是调用ExecutorService的submit(Future task)方法。调用Future的get()方法就能直接得到任务的返回值，该方法会一直阻塞直到任务的结果出来为止，我们可以调用Future的isDone()方法来判断该任务的结果是否准备就绪。

import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;

public class TestFuture {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
		ExecutorService executor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();

		Future
   
   
    
     result1 = executor.submit(new Callable
    
    
     
     () {
			@Override
			public Integer call() throws Exception {
				int sum = 0;
				for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

					sum += i;
				}
				return sum;
			}

		});

		Future
     
     
      
       result2 = executor.submit(new Callable
      
      
       
       () {

			@Override
			public Integer call() throws Exception {
				int sum = 0;
				for (int i = 10; i < 100; i++) {
					sum += i;
				}
				return sum;
			}

		});
		executor.shutdown();

		System.out.println(result1.get() + result2.get());

	}
}
      
      
     
     
    
    
   
   

2.FutureTask类

FutureTask实现了Future接口，将一个Callable实例作为参数传给它，就能创建一个FutureTask实例，然后用ExecutorService的submit方法来执行这个实例。最后同样是用get方法获取线程执行后的结果。

import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask;

public class TestFutureTask {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
		ExecutorService executor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
		Callable
    
    
     
      task = new Callable
     
     
      
      () {

			@Override
			public String call() throws Exception {
				return "结果";
			}
		};
				
		FutureTask
      
      
       
        ft = new FutureTask
       
       
        
        (task);
		executor.submit(ft);
		System.out.println(ft.get());
		executor.shutdown();
	}
}empty