一、实验拓扑
二、实验要求
1、R1-R3为区域0,R3-R4为区域1;其中R3在环回地址在区域0;
2、R1、R2各有一个环回口;
3、R1-R3中,R3为DR设备,没有BDR;
4、R4环回地址固定4.4.4.8/24,其他网段使用192.168.1.8/24进行合理分配5、R4环回不宣告,保证全网可达,保证更新安全,避免环路,减少路由条目;
三、实验思路
1、划分 IP,并给相应设备配置 IP 地址
2、配置 ospf协议,宣告网段,R4 环回不宣告,并查邻居表或路由表
3、在 R4 上下发默认路由,保证全网可达,并测试
4、在 R1-R3 中,修改接口优先级,使R3 成为DR,没有BDR:这就需要将 R1/R2 的接口优先级更改为 0,使他们失去选举资格。
5、配置接口认证或者区域认证,保证数据传输安全性。
6、做区域网段汇总,减少路由条目。
7、做防环配置,避免环路
四、实验步骤
1.划分IP,配置IP地址
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.1 29
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.33 27
[R1-LoopBack0]quit
[R1]dis ip int brief
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.2 29
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.65 27
[R2-LoopBack0]quit
[R2]dis ip int brief
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.3 29
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit
[R3]dis ip int brief
[R3]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.129 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 192.168.1.97 27
[R3-LoopBack0]quit
[R3]dis ip int brief
[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.168.1.130 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 24
[R4-LoopBack0]quit
[R4]dis ip int brief
2.配置ospf协议,宣告网段
[R1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-ospf-1]area 0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.32 0.0.0.31
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.1 0.0.0.0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[R1-ospf-1]quit
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.65 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.2 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[R2-ospf-1]quit
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.3 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.168.1.97 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]quit
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.1.129 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]quit
[R3-ospf-1]quit
[R4]ospf 1router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-ospf-1]area 1
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 192.168.1.130 0.0.0.0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]quit
[R4-ospf-1]quit
[R1]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
[R2]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
[R3]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
[R4]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
[R1]ping 192.168.1.97
[R1]ping 192.168.1.129
3.在 R4 上下发默认缺省路由,保证全网可达,并测试
[R4]ospf 1
[R4-ospf-1]default-route-advertise always
[R4-ospf-1]quit
[R4]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
[R3]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
[R2]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
[R1]dis ip routing-table protocol ospf
[R1]ping 4.4.4.4
[R1]dis ospf lsdb
[R2]dis ospf lsdb
[R3]dis ospf lsdb
[R4]dis ospf lsdb
[R1]dis ospf peer brief
[R1]dis ospf peer
[R2]dis ospf peer brief
[R2]dis ospf peer
[R3]dis ospf peer brief
[R3]dis ospf peer
4.修改接口优先级,使R3成为DR
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
5.配置接口认证,保证数据传输安全性
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher wdy12345
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher wdy12345
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher wdy12345
6.减少缺省路由
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]abr-summary 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.128
7.避免环路
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 25 NULL 0