用ServletContext获得Web.xml中子元素param-value的值异常

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/unknown09/article/details/22509681

今天在servlet中加载JDBC驱动时，在init（）时获得配置文件中的driverClass时由于用ServletContext sc=getServletContext();

driverClass=sc.getInitParameter("driverClass");导致驱动无法加载。详细见下面代码

package com.amaker.servletcontext;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
* Servlet implementation class ServletConfigTest
*/
@WebServlet("/ServletConfigTest")
public class ServletConfigTest extends HttpServlet {
   private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
   String driverClass=null;
    /**
     * Default constructor.
     */
    public ServletConfigTest() {
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

    }
    public void init() throws ServletException{
       ServletContext sc=getServletContext(); //这里这样写其实也不会导致读取不了配置文件中的参数值。假如这样的情况，外加配置文件中
     driverClass=sc.getInitParameter("driverClass"); //红色字体的那几条语句，是肯定读取不了的。
       try {
           //Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
           Class.forName("driverClass");
           System.out.println(driverClass);
       } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
           // TODO Auto-generated catch block
           e.printStackTrace();
       }
    }

   /**
   * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
   */
   protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
       // TODO Auto-generated method stub
       resp.setCharacterEncoding("gb2312");
       PrintWriter out=resp.getWriter();
       out.println(driverClass);
       out.println("驱动加载成功！");
       out.close();
   }

   /**
   * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
   */
   /*protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
       // TODO Auto-generated method stub
   }*/

}

web.xml配置文件中代码：

<init-param>
               <param-name>driverClass</param-name>
               <param-value>oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</param-value>
           </init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
           <servlet-name>ServletConfigTest</servlet-name>
           <url-pattern>/test</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

我做了实验，源文件中红色字体的语句和配置文件中红色字体的语句结合，导致无法读取对应的param-value

解决方法：
第一种：将 ServletContext sc=getServletContext();
driverClass=sc.getInitParameter("driverClass");

改为ServletConfig Config=getServletConfig();

ServletContext sc=Config.getServletContext();
driverClass=sc.getInitParameter("driverClass");

第二种：修改配置文件

               将 <init-param>
               <param-name>driverClass</param-name>
               <param-value>oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</param-value>
           </init-param>去掉

加上<context-param>
<param-name>driverClass</param-name>
<param-value>oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</param-value>
</context-param>

配置文件就变为：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<context-param>
   <param-name>driverClass</param-name>
   <param-value>oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</param-value>
</context-param>
<servlet>
           <servlet-name>ServletConfigTest</servlet-name>
           <servlet-class>com.amaker.servletcontext.ServletConfigTest</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
           <servlet-name>ServletConfigTest</servlet-name>
           <url-pattern>/test</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>