文章目录
一、提出查询需求
需要三个表(学生表,班级表,教师表)
班级表与教师表是一对一的关联
班级表与学生表是一对多的关联
一个班级配置一个教师,一个班级有多个学生是一对多的关联
二、创建数据库
1.创建教师表t_teacher
- 运用SQL语句创建并添加记录
CREATE TABLE `t_teacher` (
`t_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`t_name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`t_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
2、创建班级表(t_class)
- 运用SQL语句创建并添加记录
CREATE TABLE `t_class` (
`c_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`c_name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
`teacher_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`c_id`),
KEY `fk_teacher_id` (`teacher_id`),
CONSTRAINT `fk_teacher_id` FOREIGN KEY (`teacher_id`) REFERENCES `t_teacher` (`t_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=4 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
3、创建学生表(t_student)
- 运用SQL语句创建并添加记录
CREATE TABLE `t_student` (
`s_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`s_name` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL,
`s_gender` varchar(10) DEFAULT NULL,
`s_age` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
`class_id` int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`s_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=10 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
insert into t_student values('1','佟大为','男','20','1');
insert into t_student values('2','李方玉','女','20','1');
insert into t_student values('3','郑大林','男','20','2');
insert into t_student values('4','温晓辉','女','20','1');
insert into t_student values('5','吴文静','男','20','2');
insert into t_student values('6','筱文艳','女','20','3');
insert into t_student values('7','杨文军','男','20','3');
insert into t_student values('8','唐语晗','女','20','2');
insert into t_student values('9','金玉兴','男','20','2');
三、创建教师实体类并编辑
package net.tp.mybatis.bean;
/**
* 功能:教师实体类
* 作者:tp
* 日期:2021年3月10日
*/
public class Teacher {
private int id;
private String name;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Teacher{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
四、创建班级实体类并编辑
- 因为Java中class是关键字,所以不能使用class改为clazz
package net.tp.mybatis.bean;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 功能:班级实体类
* 作者:tp
* 日期:2021年03月10日
*/
public class Clazz {
private int id;
private String name;
private Teacher teacher;
private List<Student> students;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Teacher getTeacher() {
return teacher;
}
public void setTeacher(Teacher teacher) {
this.teacher = teacher;
}
public List<Student> getStudents() {
return students;
}
public void setStudents(List<Student> students) {
this.students = students;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Clazz{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", teacher=" + teacher +
", students=" + students +
'}';
}
}
(一)、补充知识点
1、关键字汇总
2、class类
- class 关键字用来声明新的 Java 类,该类是相关变量和/或方法的集合。类是面向对象的程序设计方法的基本构造单位。要使用类,通常使用 new 操作符将类的对象实例化,然后调用类的方法来访问类的功能。
五、创建学生实体类并编辑
package net.tp.mybatis.bean;
/**
* 功能:学生实体类
* 作者:tp
* 日期:2021年3月10日
*/
public class Student {
private int id;
private String name;
private String gender;
private int age;
private Clazz clazz;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(String gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Clazz getClazz() {
return clazz;
}
public void setClazz(Clazz clazz) {
this.clazz = clazz;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student{" +
"id=" + id +
", name='" + name + '\'' +
", gender='" + gender + '\'' +
", age=" + age +
", clazz=" + clazz +
'}';
}
}
六、创建班级映射器配置文件
(一)、定义班级结果映射
(二)、定义教师映射
(三)、定义学生映射
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="net.tp.mybatis.mapper.ClazzMapper">
<!--三表关联查询-->
<select id="findById" parameterType="int" resultMap="clazzResultMap">
SELECT * FROM t_teacher INNER JOIN t_class ON t_class.teacher_id=t_teacher.t_id
INNER JOIN t_student On t_class.c_id = t_student.class_id WHERE c_id =#{id}
</select>
<!--定义班级结果映射-->
<resultMap id="clazzResultMap" type="Clazz">
<result property="id" column="c_id" />
<result property="name" column="c_name" />
<!--一对一关联-->
<association property="teacher" column="teacher_id" javaType="Teacher" >
<result property="id" column="t_id"/>
<result property="name" column="t_name"/>
</association>
<!--一对多-->
<collection property="students" ofType="Student">
<result property="id" column="s_id"/>
<result property="name" column="s_name"/>
<result property="gender" column="s_gender"/>
<result property="age" column="s_age"/>
<association property="clazz" column="class_id" javaType="Clazz">
<result property="name" column="c_name"/>
</association>
</collection>
</resultMap>
</mapper>
七、定义班级映射接口ClazzMapper
package net.tp.mybatis.mapper;
import net.tp.mybatis.bean.Clazz;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 功能:班级映射器接口
*/
public interface ClazzMapper {
Clazz findById(int id);
List<Clazz> findAll();
}
八、修改MyBatis配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--配置实体类别名-->
<typeAliases>
<typeAlias type="net.tp.mybatis.bean.User" alias="User"/>
<typeAlias type="net.tp.mybatis.bean.Clazz" alias="Clazz"/>
<typeAlias type="net.tp.mybatis.bean.Teacher" alias="Teacher"/>
<typeAlias type="net.tp.mybatis.bean.Student" alias="Student"/>
</typeAliases>
<!--配置数据库环境-->
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testdb?useSSL=false"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="root"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!--配置实体关系映射器文件-->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>
<mapper resource="mapper/ClazzMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
九、创建测试类TestClazzMapper
package net.tp.mybatis.mapper;
import net.tp.mybatis.bean.Clazz;
import net.tp.mybatis.bean.Student;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 功能:测试班级映射器接口
* 作者:tp
* 日期:2021年03月10日
*/
public class TestClazzMapper {
private SqlSession sqlSession; // SQL会话
private ClazzMapper clazzMapper; // 班级映射器
@Before
public void init() {
try {
// 读取MyBatis配置文件作为字符输入流
Reader reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader("mybatis-config.xml");
// 基于MyBatis配置文件构建SQL会话工厂
SqlSessionFactory factory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader);
// 利用SQL会话工厂获取SQL会话
sqlSession = factory.openSession();
// 利用SQL会话获取用户映射器对象
clazzMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(ClazzMapper.class);
// 提示用户SQL会话对象创建成功
System.out.println("sqlSession对象已创建。");
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Test
public void testFindById() {
int id = 1;
Clazz clazz = clazzMapper.findById(id);
System.out.println(clazz);
System.out.println("班级编号为[" + id + "]的学生:");
List<Student> students=clazz.getStudents();
students.forEach(student -> System.out.println(student));
}
@Test
public void testFinAll(){
List<Clazz> clazzes=clazzMapper.findAll();
clazzes.forEach(clazz -> System.out.println(clazz));
}
@After
public void destroy() {
// 关闭SQL会话
sqlSession.close();
// 提示用户SQL会话对象关闭
System.out.println("sqlSession对象已关闭。");
}
}
十、嵌套查询实现
十一、运行效果