shiro 身份验证

身份验证：简单来说就是应用中谁能证明她是她本人，一般提供身份ID来识别她的身份，比如提供身份证、用户名/密码来验证。

Principal：身份，主体识别的属性，可以是任何东西，即用户名，邮箱等等，确立唯一性。一个主体可以有多个 principals， 但只有一个 Primary principals， 一般是用户名/密码/手机号

Credentials：证明/凭证，即只有主体知道的安全码。如密码和数字证书等等。最常见的 principals 和 credentials 组合就是用户名/密码了。

接下来先进行一个基本的身份认证。另外两个相关的概念是之前提到的 Subject(主体) 及 Realm（DataSource），分别是主体及验证主体的数据源。

环境准备：maven构建web工程

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>org.peng</groupId>
  <artifactId>ShiroTest</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>ShiroTest Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <dependencies>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.9</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId>
        <artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId>
        <version>1.2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.25</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
         <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
         <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
         <version>0.2.23</version>
     </dependency>

  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>ShiroTest</finalName>
  </build>
</project>

1、首先准备一些用户身份/凭据（shiro.ini）
[users]
zhang=123
wang=123
2、realm

package org.realm;

import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.IncorrectCredentialsException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UnknownAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.Realm;

public class MyRealm1 implements Realm{

    public AuthenticationInfo getAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token)
            throws AuthenticationException {
        String username = (String) token.getPrincipal();
        String password = new String((char[])token.getCredentials());
        if (!"zhang".equals(username)) {
            throw new UnknownAccountException();
        }
        if (!"123".equals(password)) {
            throw new IncorrectCredentialsException();
        }
        return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(username,password,getName());
    }

    public String getName() {
        return "myrealm1";
    }

    public boolean supports(AuthenticationToken token) {
        return token instanceof UsernamePasswordToken;
    }

}

3、@test

package org.shiro.test;

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.config.IniSecurityManagerFactory;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.apache.shiro.util.Factory;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class LoginLogoutTest {
    private static Logger LOG = 
            LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoginLogoutTest.class);
    @Test
    public void testHelloworld() {
        //获取 SecurityManager 工厂，此处使用 Ini 配置文件初始化 SecurityManager
        Factory<SecurityManager> factory = 
                new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini");
        //得到实例，并绑定
        SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();
        SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
        //得到Subject及创建用户名/密码身份验证Token
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();

        UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("zhang", "123");

        try {
            subject.login(token);
        } catch (AuthenticationException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        Assert.assertEquals(true, subject.isAuthenticated());

        subject.logout();
    }
}