QT串口通讯上位机_数据超时接收功能及定时发送功能设计

1.概述

基于《串口开发基础》
在该基础上增加超时时间接收功能，加入定时器循环；
例如，接收数据开始后，在100ms内未接收到任何数据，视作本次数据接收结束，立刻进入数据处理阶段。
同时，在定时器循环基础上增加数据定时发送功能。

2.本次内容最终实现

发送间隔小于超时时间，视为一条数据：

单次发送不受影响：

定时发送：定时器用的不是很精确的，误差有点大，功能倒是没问题

3.代码部分

Pro工程代码

QT       += core gui
QT       += serialport

greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets

CONFIG += c++11

# The following define makes your compiler emit warnings if you use
# any Qt feature that has been marked deprecated (the exact warnings
# depend on your compiler). Please consult the documentation of the
# deprecated API in order to know how to port your code away from it.
DEFINES += QT_DEPRECATED_WARNINGS

# You can also make your code fail to compile if it uses deprecated APIs.
# In order to do so, uncomment the following line.
# You can also select to disable deprecated APIs only up to a certain version of Qt.
#DEFINES += QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000    # disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0

SOURCES += \
    main.cpp \
    widget.cpp

HEADERS += \
    widget.h

FORMS += \
    widget.ui

# Default rules for deployment.
qnx: target.path = /tmp/$${TARGET}/bin
else: unix:!android: target.path = /opt/$${TARGET}/bin
!isEmpty(target.path): INSTALLS += target

头文件 widget.h代码

#ifndef WIDGET_H
#define WIDGET_H

#include <QWidget>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QtSerialPort/QSerialPort>         // 提供访问串口的功能
#include <QtSerialPort/QSerialPortInfo>     // 提供系统中存在的串口信息



QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class Widget; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE

class Widget : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    Widget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);

    void serial_recv_del();

    void this_timer_out();

    ~Widget();

private slots:
    void on_pushButton_2_clicked();

    void on_pushButton_clicked();

    void on_pushButton_4_clicked();

    void on_pushButton_5_clicked();

    void on_pushButton_3_clicked();

    void on_checkBox_2_stateChanged(int arg1);

private:
    Ui::Widget *ui;
};
#endif // WIDGET_H

cpp - widget.cpp代码

#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"
#include<QDebug>
#include <QtSerialPort/QSerialPort>         // 提供访问串口的功能
#include <QtSerialPort/QSerialPortInfo>     // 提供系统中存在的串口信息
#include <QTimer>
#include "qmessagebox.h"


/*串口实例化*/
QSerialPort serial;
/*定时器实例化*/
QTimer timer;
/*串口接收数组*/
QByteArray serial_array;
/*接收数据总长度*/
static qint64 recv_data_len;
/*老的接收的串口数据长度*/
int old_serial_cnt;
/*接收数据长度相等后计数*/
static qint8 serial_recv_cnt = 0;
/*连续发送开关*/
static bool continusSend_sw = false;
/*连续发送定时器计数*/
static int continusSend_cnt = 0;


Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent)
    : QWidget(parent)
    , ui(new Ui::Widget)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    /*开启按钮使能，禁用关闭按钮*/
    ui->pushButton_2->setDisabled(true);
    /*遍历COM口*/
    foreach (const QSerialPortInfo&info, QSerialPortInfo::availablePorts())
    {
        ui->comboBox->addItem(info.portName());
    }
    /*添加波特率*/
    ui->comboBox_2->addItem("9600", "9600");
    ui->comboBox_2->addItem("38400", "38400");
    ui->comboBox_2->addItem("115200", "115200");

    //连接这个定时器的信号和槽，利用定时器的timeout(),this_timer_out()槽函数
    connect(&timer, &QTimer::timeout, this, &Widget::this_timer_out);
    /*添加定时发送时间*/
    ui->comboBox_3->addItem("100", "100");
    ui->comboBox_3->addItem("200", "200");
    ui->comboBox_3->addItem("300", "300");
    ui->comboBox_3->addItem("400", "400");
    ui->comboBox_3->addItem("500", "500");
    ui->comboBox_3->addItem("600", "600");
    ui->comboBox_3->addItem("700", "700");
    ui->comboBox_3->addItem("800", "800");
    ui->comboBox_3->addItem("900", "900");
    ui->comboBox_3->addItem("1000", "1000");
    /*开启定时器ms*/
    timer.start(20);
}

Widget::~Widget()
{
    delete ui;
}

/*关闭串口按钮*/
void Widget::on_pushButton_2_clicked()
{
    serial.close();
    if(serial.isOpen())
    {
        QMessageBox::about(NULL, " 警告", "<font color='red'>串口关闭异常</font>");
    }
    else
    {
        ui->pushButton_2->setDisabled(true);
        ui->pushButton->setDisabled(false);
        ui->pushButton_2->setStyleSheet("QPushButton { background-color: white; }");
    }
}


/*串口接收处理函数*/
void Widget::serial_recv_del()
{
    serial_array += serial.readAll();
}


void Widget::on_pushButton_clicked()
{
    /*设置端口名称*/
    serial.setPortName(ui->comboBox->currentText());
    /*设置波特率*/
    serial.setBaudRate(ui->comboBox_2->currentText().toInt());
    /*打开串口*/
    serial.open(QIODevice::ReadWrite);
    /*串口打开成功*/
    if(serial.isOpen())
    {
        /*改变开启串口失能*/
        ui->pushButton_2->setDisabled(false);
        ui->pushButton->setDisabled(true);
        ui->pushButton_2->setStyleSheet("QPushButton { background-color: green; }");
        connect(&serial, &QSerialPort::readyRead, this, &Widget::serial_recv_del);
    }
    else
    {
         QMessageBox::about(NULL, " 警告", "<font color='red'>串口开启异常</font>");
    }
}

/*清除接收*/
void Widget::on_pushButton_4_clicked()
{
    ui->textBrowser->clear();
    /*清除接收数据长度*/
    ui->lineEdit->setText("0");
    recv_data_len = 0;
    serial_array.clear();
}

/*清除发送*/
void Widget::on_pushButton_5_clicked()
{
    ui->plainTextEdit->clear();
}

/*发送数据*/
void Widget::on_pushButton_3_clicked()
{
    if(ui->checkBox_2->isChecked()) //连续发送
    {
        continusSend_sw = true;
    }
    else //不连续发送
    {
        continusSend_sw = false;
        /*textBrowser中的数据放到qbyte中*/
        QByteArray array_send = ui->plainTextEdit->toPlainText().toUtf8();
        /*发送数据*/
        serial.write(array_send);
        /*若选中checkbox发送回车换行*/
        if(ui->checkBox->isChecked())
        {
            serial.write("\r\n");
        }
    }
}

/*定时器中断*/
void Widget::this_timer_out()
{
    /*接收数据*/
    if(serial_array.count() > 0) //接收到数据
    {
        if(old_serial_cnt == serial_array.count()) //判断是否接受到新数据
        {
            serial_recv_cnt++;
            if(serial_recv_cnt > 6) //数据接收完成
            {
                old_serial_cnt = 0;
                /*接收完成后清空*/
                serial_recv_cnt = 0;
                /*更新文本框*/
                recv_data_len += serial_array.count();
                ui->lineEdit->setText(QString::number(recv_data_len));
                ui->textBrowser->insertPlainText(serial_array);
                serial_array.clear();
            }
        }
        else
        {
            old_serial_cnt =  serial_array.count();
            serial_recv_cnt = 0;
        }
    }
    /*发送数据*/
    if(continusSend_sw)
    {
        continusSend_cnt += 20;
        if(continusSend_cnt >= ui->comboBox_3->currentText().toInt())
        {
            /*textBrowser中的数据放到qbyte中*/
            QByteArray array_send = ui->plainTextEdit->toPlainText().toUtf8();
            /*发送数据*/
            serial.write(array_send);
            /*若选中checkbox发送回车换行*/
            if(ui->checkBox->isChecked())
            {
                serial.write("\r\n");
            }
            /*clear*/
            continusSend_cnt = 0;
        }
    }
}

void Widget::on_checkBox_2_stateChanged(int arg1)
{
    if(arg1) //选中
    {

    }
    else  //未选中
    {
      continusSend_sw = false;
    }
}

4.完整工程文件下载

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