【C#】 this关键字用法

转载自：https://www.oschina.net/code/snippet_584165_48374

this 关键字引用类的当前实例，还可用作扩展方法的第一个参数的修饰符。下面就针对this的四种用法，做简单的总结。

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代码片段(7)[全屏查看所有代码]

1. [代码]首先，我们分别创建User和VIP两个C#类     

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using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Threading.Tasks;   namespace AppConsole {        /// <summary>      /// 普通用户      /// </summary>      public class User      {          /// <summary>          /// 全局变量          /// </summary>          Dictionary< string , object > dictInfo = null ;            /// <summary>          /// 构造器          /// </summary>          public User()          {              dictInfo = new Dictionary< string , object >();          }            /// <summary>          /// 构造函数重载          /// </summary>          /// <param name="UserID"></param>          /// <param name="UserName"></param>          public User( int UserID, string UserName)          {              this .UserName = UserName;              this .ID = UserID;          }            /// <summary>          /// this，第【1】种用法，索引器          /// </summary>          /// <param name="name"></param>          /// <returns></returns>          public object this [ string name]          {              get { return dictInfo[name]; }              set { dictInfo[name] = value; }          }              /// <summary>          /// 编号          /// </summary>          public int ID { get ; set ; }              /// <summary>          /// 用户名          /// </summary>          public string UserName { get ; set ; }            /// <summary>          /// this第【2】种用法，当做参数传递          /// </summary>          public void Said()          {              new VIP().Say( this );          }        }        /// <summary>      /// 会员      /// </summary>      public class VIP : User      {              /// <summary>          /// 积分          /// </summary>          public int integral { get ; set ; }            /// <summary>          /// 构造函数          /// </summary>          public VIP()          {              ID = 520;              integral = 1000;          }            /// <summary>          /// this第【3】种用法，通过this()调用无参构造函数          /// </summary>          /// <param name="UserName"></param>          public VIP( string UserName)              : this ()          {              this .UserName = UserName;          }            /// <summary>          /// 构造函数重载          /// </summary>          /// <param name="UserID"></param>          /// <param name="UserName"></param>          public VIP( int UserID, string UserName)              : base (UserID, UserName)          {            }            /// <summary>          ///Say方法          /// </summary>          /// <param name="user"></param>          public void Say([LCQAttribute] User user)          {              Console.WriteLine( string .Format( "嗨，大家好！我的编号是{0}，大家可以叫我{1}！" , user.ID, user.UserName));          }        }        /// <summary>      /// 静态类，来扩展User类      /// </summary>      public static class Helper      {            /// <summary>          /// 第【4】种用法： this扩展User类          /// </summary>          /// <param name="user"></param>          public static void Sing( this User user)          {              Console.WriteLine( string .Format( "嗨，大家好！我的编号是{0}，大家可以叫我{1}！" , user.ID, user.UserName));          }      }        /// <summary>      /// 特性类：指定特性仅适用于方法和方法的参数      /// </summary>      [System.AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Method | AttributeTargets.Parameter)]      public class LCQAttribute : System.Attribute      {        } }

2. [代码]this第【1】种用法，索引器     

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/// <summary> /// 全局变量 /// </summary> Dictionary< string , object > dictInfo = null ;   /// <summary> /// this，第【1】种用法，索引器 /// </summary> /// <param name="name"></param> /// <returns></returns> public object this [ string name] {      get { return dictInfo[name]; }      set { dictInfo[name] = value; } }

3. [代码]this第【2】种用法，当做参数传递     

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/// <summary> /// this第【2】种用法，当做参数传递 /// </summary> public void Said() {      new VIP().Say( this ); }

4. [代码]this第【3】种用法，通过this()调用无参构造函数     

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/// <summary> /// this第【3】种用法，通过this()调用无参构造函数 /// </summary> /// <param name="UserName"></param> public VIP( string UserName)      : this () {      this .UserName = UserName; }

5. [代码] this第【4】种用法：扩展User类     

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/// <summary> /// 静态类，来扩展User类 /// </summary> public static class Helper {        /// <summary>      /// 第【4】种用法： this扩展User类      /// </summary>      /// <param name="user"></param>      public static void Sing( this User user)      {          Console.WriteLine( string .Format( "嗨，大家好！我的编号是{0}，大家可以叫我{1}！" , user.ID, user.UserName));      } }

6. [代码]最后，控制台测试     

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/// <summary> /// 主程序入口 /// </summary> /// <param name="args"></param> static void Main( string [] args) {        //0>声明实体      User user = new User();      user.ID = 1;      user.UserName = "lichaoqiang" ;        //第【一】种用法:this用作索引器 public object this[string name]{……}      user[ "UserID" ] = 1;      Console.WriteLine( "第【一】种用法:this用作索引器" );        //第【二】种用法:this用作参数传递 user.Say(this);      Console.WriteLine( "第【二】种用法:this用作参数传递" );      user.Said();        //第【三】种用法:this() public VIP:this(){   }      VIP vip = new VIP( "yezi" );      vip.Said();      Console.WriteLine( "第【三】种用法:this()" );        //第【四】种用法： this扩展VIP类 public static Sing(this User user){……}      Console.WriteLine( "第【四】种用法： this扩展VIP类" );      user.Sing();          Console.Read();   }

7. [图片] 测试结果.png