mysql 5.7 从安装到构建ha

构建ha需要两台服务器，例如node1、node2

1. 下载rpm包：

打开网址https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/，根据操作系统类型和版本，选择安装包，此处以centos 7为例

2. 需要下载以下几个包，小版本可以根据需要选择：

mysql-community-client-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-common-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-devel-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-libs-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
mysql-community-server-5.7.32-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

3. 执行yum install *.rpm -y进行安装

4. 修改配置文件，

打开/etc/my.cnf

将node1的该配置文件配置为：

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
[mysqld]
symbolic-links = 0
datadir=/var/lib/mysql/
skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolve
server_id=1
log-bin=mysql-bin
relay-log=relay-bin
relay-log-index=relay-bin.index
auto_increment_increment=2
auto_increment_offset=1
log-error = /var/log/mysqld.log

将node2的该配置文件配置为：

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
[mysqld]
symbolic-links = 0
datadir=/var/lib/mysql/
skip-host-cache
skip-name-resolve
server_id=2
log-bin=mysql-bin
relay-log=relay-bin
relay-log-index=relay-bin.index
auto_increment_increment=2
auto_increment_offset=2
log-error = /var/log/mysqld.log

5. 启动mysql

分别执行service mysqld restart

6. 修改初始密码，两台服务器都要操作

执行如下命令，cat /var/log/mysqld.log |grep generated

会提示：

 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: BrC4uoy&6dC/

BrC4uoy&6dC/即为初始密码

通过mysql -uroot -p回车，按提示输入密码即可，进入mysql命令行后，执行：

set global validate_password_policy=0;
alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'testpwd111';
GRANT RELOAD, SUPER, REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' identified by 'testpwd111'
flush privileges;

7. 建立HA

两台服务器的密码都修改之后，登录进入node1的mysql提示符，执行如下操作：

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000002 |      706 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+

注意其中的file和position，需要填到后续命令的参数master_log_file和master_log_pos中

在node2，执行：

change master to master_host=node1, master_user='root', master_password='testpwd123', master_port=3306, master_log_file='mysql-bin.000002', master_log_pos=706;
start slave;

在mysql提示符下执行：

show slave status\G

如果返回内容中有：

             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

说明HA建立成功。

其他ha的配置操作可以参考：https://blog.csdn.net/LengKuDeWenRou/article/details/110649421