Cookie

一、引入

cookie 是将服务器端的数据保存到浏览器端的技术，当用户再次请求服务器时，将浏览器端存储的数据带到服务器。

二、Cookie的创建及读取

创建Cookie

package com.jingxin.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@WebServlet("/SetCookieServlet")
public class SetCookieServlet extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //创建Cookie
        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("name", "jingxin");
        //通知服务器保存Cookie
        response.addCookie(cookie);
    }

    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }

}

服务器获取浏览器发送过来的Cookie

package com.jingxin.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@WebServlet("/GetCookieServlet")
public class GetCookieServlet extends HttpServlet {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取浏览器发送过来的Cookie
        Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
        //判断是否有Cookie
        if(cookies!=null) {
            //遍历Cookie
            for(Cookie cookie : cookies) {
                String name = cookie.getName();
                String value = cookie.getValue();
                //do something with name and value
                response.getWriter().append("cookie:"+name+"   "+value);
            }
        }
    }

    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(request, response);
    }

}

三、Cookie的持久化

1、设置Cookie的有效时间（会将Cookie保存在硬盘）

cookie.setMaxAge(int expiry);

expir 为cookie的有效时间 单位为秒，若为负数表示浏览器不保存Cookie，若为0表示删除同名Cookie

若未设置cookie的有效时间，cookie只保存在内存中，浏览器关闭时cookie也会随之删除

四、Cookie 的路径问题

客户端在保存Cookie时除了保存Cookie的名字和值，还会保存当前Cookie所在的目录，通过request。getCookies（）方法只能获得当前Servlet所在目录的Cookie以及之前目录中的Cookie。

举例：假设当前Servlet所在目录为/demo1/a/b/AServlet 则利用request.getCookies（）可以获得demo1、a、b目录下的Cookie

可以利用cookie.setPaht()和cookie.getPath()来设置和获取cookie的访问路劲。