Chipset: MSM8X25Q
Codebase: Android4.1
Kernel: 3.4.0
概念:
Lowmemory killer是android基于oom killer做了改进。两者区别:
Oom killer: 当系统内存不足时,会根据当前进程的内存使用状况以及oom score来Kill掉某个进程。
Low memorykiller: 会周期性的检查系统内存状况,当系统内存小于其设定的返回时,根据 oom score和当前rss占用内存情况来杀掉进程。
两者大同小异,不过lowmemory killer概念更简单,直接看代码吧。
文件路径:android\kernel\drivers\staging\android\Lowmemorykiller.c
初始化:
- static int __init lowmem_init(void)
- {
- /*通过此接口注册之后,系统在内存回收释放时,kswap内核线程会遍历
- Shrinker链表,并调用通过此接口注册的shrink函数。*/
- register_shrinker(&lowmem_shrinker);
- return 0;
- }
- static struct shrinker lowmem_shrinker = {
- .shrink = lowmem_shrink, //核心函数在此!
- .seeks = DEFAULT_SEEKS * 16
- };
核心调用:
在说核心函数之前,先了解下lowmemory killer的基础。
它利用lowmem_adj和lowmem_minfree这两个数组来作为评判当前内存不足的标准。如,当前系统空闲内存是63M时,比owmem_minfree[3]小,那么就会选择比lowmem_adj[3]的oom score adj大的进程中找到一个oom score adj最大的将其杀掉,当两个进程的oom score adj一样时,会选择内存占用最多杀掉!数组其他部分以此类推。
- static int lowmem_adj[6] = {
- 0,
- 1,
- 6,
- 12,
- };
- static int lowmem_adj_size = 4;
- static int lowmem_minfree[6] = {
- 3 * 512, /* 6MB */
- 2 * 1024, /* 8MB */
- 4 * 1024, /* 16MB */
- 16 * 1024, /* 64MB */
- };
- static int lowmem_minfree_size = 4;
lowmem_shrink():
- static int lowmem_shrink(struct shrinker *s, struct shrink_control *sc)
- {
- struct task_struct *tsk;
- struct task_struct *selected = NULL;
- int rem = 0;
- int tasksize;
- int i;
- int min_score_adj = OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MAX + 1;
- int selected_tasksize = 0;
- int selected_oom_score_adj;
- int array_size = ARRAY_SIZE(lowmem_adj);
- /*系统总空闲内存数*/
- int other_free = global_page_state(NR_FREE_PAGES);
- /*文件和共享内存占用内存数*/
- int other_file = global_page_state(NR_FILE_PAGES) -
- global_page_state(NR_SHMEM);
- /* 用户空间修改了lowmem_minfree和 lowmem_adj的情况就成立,后面再说*/
- if (lowmem_adj_size < array_size)
- array_size = lowmem_adj_size;
- if (lowmem_minfree_size < array_size)
- array_size = lowmem_minfree_size;
- /*遍历当前各种等级下的情况*/
- for (i = 0; i < array_size; i++) {
- /*系统总空闲内存或者文件占有内存数比当前设定的lowmem_minfree[i]小,
- 那么就取出相对应的oom score adj作为后面寻找最大oom score adj对应进程的基本
- 标准。*/
- if (other_free < lowmem_minfree[i] &&
- other_file < lowmem_minfree[i]) {
- min_score_adj = lowmem_adj[i];
- break;
- }
- }
- if (sc->nr_to_scan > 0)
- lowmem_print(3, "lowmem_shrink %lu, %x, ofree %d %d, ma %d\n",
- sc->nr_to_scan, sc->gfp_mask, other_free,
- other_file, min_score_adj);
- rem = global_page_state(NR_ACTIVE_ANON) +
- global_page_state(NR_ACTIVE_FILE) +
- global_page_state(NR_INACTIVE_ANON) +
- global_page_state(NR_INACTIVE_FILE);
- if (sc->nr_to_scan <= 0 || min_score_adj == OOM_SCORE_ADJ_MAX + 1) {
- lowmem_print(5, "lowmem_shrink %lu, %x, return %d\n",
- sc->nr_to_scan, sc->gfp_mask, rem);
- return rem;
- }
- /*暂存,因为后面min_score_adj 会被覆盖。*/
- selected_oom_score_adj = min_score_adj;
- rcu_read_lock();
- for_each_process(tsk) {
- struct task_struct *p;
- int oom_score_adj;
- /*kernel thread不能Kill掉。*/
- if (tsk->flags & PF_KTHREAD)
- continue;
- /*处于die状态的进程不管。*/
- if (time_before_eq(jiffies, lowmem_deathpending_timeout)) {
- if (test_task_flag(tsk, TIF_MEMDIE)) {
- rcu_read_unlock();
- return 0;
- }
- }
- /*有mm的thread才能操作*/
- p = find_lock_task_mm(tsk);
- if (!p)
- continue;
- /*得到task对应的oom_score_adj*/
- oom_score_adj = p->signal->oom_score_adj;
- /*比当前的基本标准小就忽略。*/
- if (oom_score_adj < min_score_adj) {
- task_unlock(p);
- continue;
- }
- /*获得此进程的rss内存占用大小*/
- tasksize = get_mm_rss(p->mm);
- task_unlock(p);
- if (tasksize <= 0)
- continue;
- /*前后两进程开始比较了*/
- if (selected) {
- /*如果当前task的oom score比上次小,则不做处理*/
- if (oom_score_adj < selected_oom_score_adj)
- continue;
- /*如果前后两个task的oom score一样,而且此task 占有
- 内存比上次的task小时,也不做处理。*/
- if (oom_score_adj == selected_oom_score_adj &&
- tasksize <= selected_tasksize)
- continue;
- }
- /*否则保存oom score和占用内存大小值*/
- selected = p;
- selected_tasksize = tasksize;
- selected_oom_score_adj = oom_score_adj;
- lowmem_print(2, "select %d (%s), adj %d, size %d, to kill\n",
- p->pid, p->comm, oom_score_adj, tasksize);
- }
- if (selected) {
- lowmem_print(1, "send sigkill to %d (%s), adj %d, size %d\n",
- selected->pid, selected->comm,
- selected_oom_score_adj, selected_tasksize);
- lowmem_deathpending_timeout = jiffies + HZ;
- /*发送SIGKILL信号杀死进程*/
- send_sig(SIGKILL, selected, 0);
- set_tsk_thread_flag(selected, TIF_MEMDIE);
- rem -= selected_tasksize;
- }
- lowmem_print(4, "lowmem_shrink %lu, %x, return %d\n",
- sc->nr_to_scan, sc->gfp_mask, rem);
- rcu_read_unlock();
- return rem;
- }
lowmem_minfree/lowmem_adj修改:
注意到代码里还有几个函数:
- __module_param_call(MODULE_PARAM_PREFIX, adj,
- &lowmem_adj_array_ops,
- .arr = &__param_arr_adj,
- S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR, -1);
- static struct kernel_param_ops lowmem_adj_array_ops = {
- .set = lowmem_adj_array_set,
- .get = lowmem_adj_array_get,
- .free = lowmem_adj_array_free,
- };
- static const struct kparam_array __param_arr_adj = {
- .max = ARRAY_SIZE(lowmem_adj),
- .num = &lowmem_adj_size,
- .ops = ¶m_ops_int,
- .elemsize = sizeof(lowmem_adj[0]),
- .elem = lowmem_adj,
- };
这几个函数也比较简单,主要功能是允许用户空间修改lowmem_adj 和lowmem_minfree这两个数组,大家可自行分析。不过要注意的是数组大小最大为6!
操作这两个数组的文件在:
android\frameworks\base\services\java\com\android\server\am\ProcessList.java
lowmem_adj对应的是mOomAdj数组的值,各个宏表示不同等级的oom score adj.
- private final int[] mOomAdj = new int[] {
- FOREGROUND_APP_ADJ, VISIBLE_APP_ADJ, PERCEPTIBLE_APP_ADJ,
- BACKUP_APP_ADJ, HIDDEN_APP_MIN_ADJ, HIDDEN_APP_MAX_ADJ
- };
- private void updateOomLevels(int displayWidth, int displayHeight, boolean write) {
- // Scale buckets from avail memory: at 300MB we use the lowest values to
- // 700MB or more for the top values.
- float scaleMem = ((float)(mTotalMemMb-300))/(700-300);
- // Scale buckets from screen size.
- int minSize = 320*480; // 153600
- int maxSize = 1280*800; // 1024000 230400 870400 .264
- float scaleDisp = ((float)(displayWidth*displayHeight)-minSize)/(maxSize-minSize);
- //Slog.i("XXXXXX", "scaleDisp=" + scaleDisp + " dw=" + displayWidth + " dh=" + displayHeight);
- StringBuilder adjString = new StringBuilder();
- StringBuilder memString = new StringBuilder();
- float scale = scaleMem > scaleDisp ? scaleMem : scaleDisp;
- if (scale < 0) scale = 0;
- else if (scale > 1) scale = 1;
- /*分辨率的不同会影响当前设定的lowmem_minfree。*/
- for (int i=0; i<mOomAdj.length; i++) {
- long low = mOomMinFreeLow[i];
- long high = mOomMinFreeHigh[i];
- mOomMinFree[i] = (long)(low + ((high-low)*scale));
- if (i > 0) {
- adjString.append(',');
- memString.append(',');
- }
- adjString.append(mOomAdj[i]);
- memString.append((mOomMinFree[i]*1024)/PAGE_SIZE);
- }
- Slog.e("Kris", "******************************* MINFREE: " + memString);
- if (write) {
- /*写进kernel~*/
- writeFile("/sys/module/lowmemorykiller/parameters/adj", adjString.toString());
- writeFile("/sys/module/lowmemorykiller/parameters/minfree", memString.toString());
- }
- // GB: 2048,3072,4096,6144,7168,8192
- // HC: 8192,10240,12288,14336,16384,20480
- }
- // These are the low-end OOM level limits. This is appropriate for an
- // HVGA or smaller phone with less than 512MB. Values are in KB.
- private final long[] mOomMinFreeLow = new long[] {
- 8192, 12288, 16384,
- 24576, 28672, 32768
- };
- // These are the high-end OOM level limits. This is appropriate for a
- // 1280x800 or larger screen with around 1GB RAM. Values are in KB.
- private final long[] mOomMinFreeHigh = new long[] {
- 32768, 40960, 49152,
- 57344, 65536, 81920
- };