maven引入相应的Atomikos依赖类库,除此之外还需要mysql和oracle的jdbc驱动类
<dependency>
<groupId>com.atomikos</groupId>
<artifactId>transactions-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.0.6</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.transaction</groupId>
<artifactId>jta</artifactId>
<version>1.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-tx -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring-version}</version>
</dependency>
....
增加spring配置文件(这里数据库用户密码留空)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">
<bean id="springTransactionManager" class="org.springframework.transaction.jta.JtaTransactionManager">
<property name="transactionManager">
<ref bean="atomikosTransactionManager" />
</property>
<property name="userTransaction">
<ref bean="atomikosUserTransaction" />
</property>
<property name="allowCustomIsolationLevels" value="true" />
</bean>
<bean id="atomikosTransactionManager" class="com.atomikos.icatch.jta.UserTransactionManager" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
<property name="forceShutdown">
<value>true</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="atomikosUserTransaction" class="com.atomikos.icatch.jta.UserTransactionImp">
<!-- 分布式事务超时的时间单位秒 -->
<property name="transactionTimeout">
<value>10</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="firstDb" class="com.atomikos.jdbc.AtomikosDataSourceBean" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
<description>Oracle数据源</description>
<property name="uniqueResourceName">
<value>oracle_sources_ds</value>
</property>
<property name="xaDataSourceClassName">
<value>oracle.jdbc.xa.client.OracleXADataSource</value>
</property>
<property name="xaProperties">
<props>
<prop key="user">flow</prop>
<prop key="password"></prop>
<prop key="uRL">jdbc:oracle:thin:@//192.168.0.101/orcl</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="testQuery">
<value>select sysdate from dual</value>
</property>
<property name="poolSize" value="5" />
</bean>
<bean id="secondDb" class="com.atomikos.jdbc.AtomikosDataSourceBean" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
<property name="uniqueResourceName" value="mysql_sources_ds" />
<property name="xaDataSourceClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.MysqlXADataSource" />
<property name="xaProperties">
<props>
<prop key="url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/car
</prop>
<prop key="user">root</prop>
<prop key="password"></prop>
<prop key="pinGlobalTxToPhysicalConnection">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="minPoolSize" value="5" />
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="10" />
<property name="borrowConnectionTimeout" value="30" />
<property name="testQuery" value="select 1" />
</bean>
</beans>
发起分布式事务示例代码,这样你可以测试以下两个update语句符合ACID的特性,测试的方法可以将第二条Oracle执行的update SQL字符加长,最终结果发现Mysql的update语句没有被提交
public class TestAtomikos {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("base_jta.xml");
PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager = context.getBean(PlatformTransactionManager.class);
DefaultTransactionDefinition definition = new DefaultTransactionDefinition();
TransactionStatus transaction = transactionManager.getTransaction(definition);
DataSource orcl = context.getBean("firstDb", DataSource.class);
DataSource mysql = context.getBean("secondDb", DataSource.class);
try (Connection mysqlConn = mysql.getConnection(); Connection orclConn = orcl.getConnection();) {
Statement mysqlStat = mysqlConn.createStatement();
String usql = "UPDATE LOGIN_LOG w SET w.USERNAME ='Mysql Name' WHERE w.ID ='a1'";
mysqlStat.executeUpdate(usql);
Statement orclStat = orclConn.createStatement();
String updateSql = "UPDATE LOGIN_LOG w SET w.USERNAME ='Oracle Name' WHERE w.ID ='a2'";
orclStat.executeUpdate(updateSql);
transactionManager.commit(transaction);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
transactionManager.rollback(transaction);
}
}
}
截止上面所说通过第三方类库(Atomikos和Spring全局事务管理器)来实现分布式事务,那么通过JDBC是如何实现,请继续往下看:
首先把spring配置文件改成:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">
<bean id="mysql_oracle_ds" class="com.mysql.jdbc.jdbc2.optional.MysqlXADataSource">
<property name="user" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="123456"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/car"/>
<property name="pinGlobalTxToPhysicalConnection" value="true"/>
</bean>
<bean id="oracle_sources_ds" class="oracle.jdbc.xa.client.OracleXADataSource">
<property name="user" value="user"/>
<property name="password" value="password"/>
<property name="uRL" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@//192.168.0.209/orcl"/>
</bean>
</beans>
这里Spring配置的是XA数据源,在运行前先普及下XA协议
X/Open XA 接口是双向的系统接口,在事务管理器(Transaction Manager)以及一个或多个
资源管理器(Resource Manager)之间形成通信桥梁。事务管理器控制着JTA 事务,管理事
务生命周期,并协调资源。在JTA 中,事务管理器抽象为javax.transaction.TransactionManager
接口,并通过底层事务服务(即JTS)实现。资源管理器负责控制和管理实际资源(如数据
库或JMS 队列)。下图说明了事务管理器、资源管理器,以及典型JTA 环境中客户端应用之
间的关系:
而分布式事务中的两阶段提交协议如下图
bqual、formatID是可选的。解释如下:
gtrid : 是一个全局事务标识符(global transaction identifier),
bqual:是一个分支限定符(branch qualifier),如果没有提供bqual,那么默认值为空字符串''。
formatID:是一个数字,用于标记gtrid和bqual值的格式,这是一个无符号整数(unsigned integer),也就是说,最小为0。如果没有提供formatID,那么其默认值为1。
class JdbcTest {
private XADataSource mysqlDS;
private XADataSource oraDS;
@BeforeEach
void setUp() throws Exception {
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("base_jdbc.xml");
this.mysqlDS = context.getBean("mysql_oracle_ds", XADataSource.class);
this.oraDS = context.getBean("oracle_sources_ds", XADataSource.class);
}
private void output(Object obj) {
System.out.println(obj);
}
@Test
void testXATransaction() throws Exception {
XAConnection mysqlXaConn = this.mysqlDS.getXAConnection();
XAConnection oraXaConn = this.oraDS.getXAConnection();
XAResource mysqlXaRes = mysqlXaConn.getXAResource();
XAResource oraXaRes = oraXaConn.getXAResource();
byte[] gtrid = "g12345".getBytes();
int formateId = 1;
byte[] mysqlBqual = "b00001".getBytes();
Xid mysqlXID = new MysqlXid(gtrid, mysqlBqual, formateId);
byte[] oraBqual = "b00002".getBytes();
Xid oraXID = new OracleXid(formateId, gtrid, oraBqual);
try (Connection mysqlConn = mysqlXaConn.getConnection(); Connection orclConn = oraXaConn.getConnection();) {
mysqlXaRes.start(mysqlXID, XAResource.TMNOFLAGS);
Statement mysqlStat = mysqlConn.createStatement();
String usql = "update LOGIN_LOG set USERNAME=UUID() WHERE ID ='ka==2245555'";
mysqlStat.executeUpdate(usql);
mysqlXaRes.end(mysqlXID, XAResource.TMSUCCESS);
oraXaRes.start(oraXID, XAResource.TMNOFLAGS);
Statement orclStat = orclConn.createStatement();
String updateSql = "update LOGIN_LOG w set w.USERNAME=SYS_GUID() WHERE w.ID ='a123'";
orclStat.executeUpdate(updateSql);
oraXaRes.end(oraXID, XAResource.TMSUCCESS);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
mysqlXaRes.rollback(mysqlXID);
oraXaRes.rollback(oraXID);
return;
}
boolean onePhase = false; //TM判断有2个事务分支,所以不能优化为一阶段提交
try {
int mysqlPrepare = mysqlXaRes.prepare(mysqlXID);
int oraPrepare = oraXaRes.prepare(oraXID);
if (mysqlPrepare == XAResource.XA_OK && oraPrepare == XAResource.XA_OK) {
mysqlXaRes.commit(mysqlXID, onePhase);
oraXaRes.commit(oraXID, onePhase);
assertTrue(true);
} else {
mysqlXaRes.rollback(mysqlXID);
oraXaRes.rollback(oraXID);
assertTrue(false);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
mysqlXaRes.rollback(mysqlXID);
oraXaRes.rollback(oraXID);
}
this.output("finish----");
}
}