实时流处理学习（二）-Flume

http://flume.apache.org/

Flume概述：

Flume is a distributed（分布式地）, reliable（可靠地）,and available（可用地） service for efficiently collecting（收集）, aggregating（聚合）, and moving（移动） large amounts of log data. It has a simple and flexible architecture based on streaming data flows（在简单、灵活的架构）.

Flume设计目标：可靠性、扩展性

业界同类产品(类似Flume)的对比：

1. Flume： Choudera/Apache   Java
2. Scribe： Facebook               C/C++  不再维护
3. Chukwa：Yahoo / Apache    Java     不再维护
4. Fluentd：                              Ruby
5. Logstash： ELK(ElasticSearch，Kibana)

Apache开源社区问题跟踪：https://issues.apache.org

Flume架构以及核心组件：

1）Source：收集

2）Channel：聚集，把数据存在某个地方（memory channel，File channel，kafka channel）

3）Sink：输出（hdfs，hive，avro，es，hbase，kafka）

安装Flume（archive.cloudera.com/cdh5/cdh/5/flume-ng-1.6.0-cdh5.7.0.tar.gz）

配置系统变量：vi ~/.bash_profile

export FLUME_HOME=~/flume/apache-flume-1.6.0-cdh5.7.0-bin

export PATH=$FLUME_HOME/bin:$PATH

配置：flume-env.sh.template(在这里需要配置java_home) echo $JAVA_HOME

检测：flume-ng version

使用Flume的关键就是写配置文件

配置过程：

1. 配置Source
2. 配置Channel
3. 配置Sink
4. 把以上三个组件串起来

一个source可以输出到多个channel

一个channel输出的sink只能有一个

需求1：从ssh中读入并输出

在flume的conf目录下配置example.conf:

a1.sources = r1
a1.sinks = k1
a1.channels = c1

# Describe/configure the source
a1.sources.r1.type = netcat
a1.sources.r1.bind = localhost
a1.sources.r1.port = 44444

# Describe the sink
a1.sinks.k1.type = logger

# Use a channel which buffers events in memory
a1.channels.c1.type = memory
a1.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a1.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100

# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a1.sources.r1.channels = c1
a1.sinks.k1.channel = c1

启动agent

flume-ng agent \

--name a1 \

--conf $FLUME_HOME/conf \

--conf-file $FLUME_HOME/conf/example.conf \

-Dflume.root.logger=INFO,console

启动后测试：telnet iz2zef94dnmkl8kf3l63r9z 44444

Event:{ headers:{ }  body:68 65 6c 6c 6f 0D hello. }

Event是Flume数据传输的基本单元 ，Event = 可选的header + byte array

需求2：监控一个文件实时增加

exec source  +  memory channel  +  logger sink

# Name the components on this agent
a1.sources = r1
a1.sinks = k1
a1.channels = c1

# Describe/configure the source
a1.sources.r1.type = exec
a1.sources.r1.command = tail -F /root/flume-test.log
a1.sources.r1.shell = /bin/sh -c

# Describe the sink
a1.sinks.k1.type = logger

# Use a channel which buffers events in memory
a1.channels.c1.type = memory

# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a1.sources.r1.channels = c1
a1.sinks.k1.channel = c1

向文本中追加内容，查看输出

echo hello >> flume-test.log

需求3：A服务器的日志收集到B服务器（重点掌握）

机器A的Flume：exec source + memory channel + avro sink

机器B的Flume：avro source + memory channel + logger sink

（跨界点：Avro Sink，需要指定ip与端口，指定到Avro Source）

exec-memory-avro.conf

# Name the components on this agent

# Name the components on this agent
exec-memory-avro.sources = exec-source
exec-memory-avro.sinks = avro-sink
exec-memory-avro.channels = memory-channel

# Describe/configure the source
exec-memory-avro.sources.exec-source.type = exec
exec-memory-avro.sources.exec-source.command = tail -F /root/flume-test.log
exec-memory-avro.sources.exec-source.shell = /bin/sh -c

# Describe the sink
exec-memory-avro.sinks.avro-sink.type = avro
exec-memory-avro.sinks.avro-sink.hostname = localhost
exec-memory-avro.sinks.avro-sink.port = 44444

# Use a channel which buffers events in memory
exec-memory-avro.channels.memory-channel.type = memory

# Bind the source and sink to the channel
exec-memory-avro.sources.exec-source.channels = memory-channel
exec-memory-avro.sinks.avro-sink.channel = memory-channel

avro-memory-logger.conf

# Name the components on this agent
avro-memory-logger.sources = avro-source
avro-memory-logger.sinks = logger-sink
avro-memory-logger.channels = memory-channel

# Describe/configure the source
avro-memory-logger.sources.avro-source.type = avro
avro-memory-logger.sources.avro-source.bind = localhost
avro-memory-logger.sources.avro-source.port = 44444

# Describe the sink
avro-memory-logger.sinks.logger-sink.type = logger

# Use a channel which buffers events in memory
avro-memory-logger.channels.memory-channel.type = memory

# Bind the source and sink to the channel
avro-memory-logger.sources.avro-source.channels = memory-channel
avro-memory-logger.sinks.logger-sink.channel = memory-channel

（1）先启动：avro-memory-logger，开启监听44444

flume-ng agent \

--name avro-memory-logger \

--conf $FLUME_HOME/conf \

--conf-file $FLUME_HOME/conf/avro-memory-logger.conf \

-Dflume.root.logger=INFO,console

（2）再启动：exec-memory-avro

flume-ng agent \

--name exec-memory-avro \

--conf $FLUME_HOME/conf \

--conf-file $FLUME_HOME/conf/exec-memory-avro.conf \

-Dflume.root.logger=INFO,console

（3）向文本中追加内容，查看输出