写高质量OC代码52建议总结：48.多用块枚举，少用for循环

以下是for循环针对NSArray，NSSet，NSDictionary的遍历。字典和set都是无序的，无法根据特定的整数下标直接访问其值。遍历set和dictionary都需要而外创建数组储存对象和key。这个中介数组增加了不必要的而外开支。

-(void)demoforArray{
    NSArray *anArray = /***/;
    for (int i = 0; i < anArray.count; i++) {
        id object = anArray[i];
        //  do something
    }
}

-(void)demoforSet{
    NSSet *aSet = /***/;
    NSArray *objects = [aSet allObjects];
    for (int i = 0; i < objects.count; i++) {
        id object = object[i];
        //  do something
    }
}

-(void)demoforDic{
    NSDictionary *aDictionary = /***/;
    NSArray *keys = [aDictionary allKeys];
    for (int i = 0; i < keys.count; i++) {
        id key = keys[i];
        id value = aDictionary[key];
        //  do something
    }
}

 以下是通过NSEnumerator遍历，nextObject方法可以返回枚举里的下一个对象，等到所有数据都已经遍历，该方法会返回nil。reverseObjectEnumerator返回数组反向排列。-

-(void)demoNSEnumeratorForArray{
    NSArray *anArray = /***/;
    NSEnumerator *enumerator = [anArray objectEnumerator];
    id object;
    while ((object = [enumerator nextObject]) != nil) {
        //  do something
    }
}

-(void)demoNSEnumeratorForSet{
    NSSet *anSet = /***/;
    NSEnumerator *enumerator = [anSet objectEnumerator];
    id object;
    while ((object = [enumerator nextObject]) != nil) {
        //  do something
    }
}

-(void)demoNSEnumeratorForDic{
    NSDictionary *anDic = /***/;
    NSEnumerator *enumerator = [anDic keyEnumerator];
    id key;
    while ((key = [enumerator nextObject]) != nil) {
        //  do something
    }
}

以下是快速遍历方法

-(void)demoFastForArray{
    NSArray *anArray = /***/;
    for (id object in anArray) {
        //  do something
    }
}

-(void)demoFastForSet{
    NSSet *anSet = /***/;
    for (id object in anSet) {
        //  do something
    }
}

-(void)demoFastForDic{
    NSDictionary *anDic = /***/;
    for (id key in anDic) {
        id value = anDic[key];
        //  do something
    }
}

 以下是基于块的便利方式
 -(void)enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:(void(^)(id object, NSUInteger idx, BOOL *stop))block;
 前两个参数，分别提供了所针对的对象和下标，第三个参数可以终止便利操作。

-(void)demoBlockForArray{
    NSArray *anArray = /***/;
    [anArray enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(id  _Nonnull obj, NSUInteger idx, BOOL * _Nonnull stop) {
       //   do something
        if (....) {
            *stop = YES;
        }
    }];
}

-(void)demoBlockForSet{
    NSSet *aSet = /***/;
    [aSet enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(id  _Nonnull obj, BOOL * _Nonnull stop) {
        //  do something
        if (...) {
            *stop = YES;
        }
    }];
}

-(void)demoBlockForDic{
    NSDictionary *dic = /***/;
    [dic enumerateKeysAndObjectsUsingBlock:^(id  _Nonnull key, id  _Nonnull obj, BOOL * _Nonnull stop) {
        //  do something
        if (shouldStop) {
            *stop = YES;
        }
    }];
}

 反向遍历:NSEnumerationReverse，数组和字典都对应两个方法
 - (void)enumerateObjectsWithOptions:(NSEnumerationOptions)opts usingBlock:(void (NS_NOESCAPE ^)(ObjectType obj, NSUInteger idx, BOOL *stop))block NS_AVAILABLE(10_6, 4_0);
 - (void)enumerateKeysAndObjectsWithOptions:(NSEnumerationOptions)opts usingBlock:(void (NS_NOESCAPE ^)(KeyType key, ObjectType obj, BOOL *stop))block NS_AVAILABLE(10_6, 4_0);
 
 typedef NS_OPTIONS(NSUInteger, NSEnumerationOptions) {
     NSEnumerationConcurrent = (1UL << 0),
     NSEnumerationReverse = (1UL << 1),
 };
 
 总结：
 1.遍历collection有四种方式，最基本的是for循环，其次是NSEnumerator遍历法，快速遍历法，块枚举法。
 2.s块枚举发本身就可以通过GCD来并发执行遍历操作。