1、缓存
Mybatis提供查询缓存,用于减轻数据压力,提高数据库性能。
一级缓存:SqlSession级别的缓存,在操作数据库时需要构造SqlSession对象,而对象中有一个数据结构用于存储缓存数据,不同的SqlSession之间的缓存数据区域互不影响,一级缓存不需要配置。
二级缓存:mapper级别的缓存,多个SqlSession对象操作同一个mapper的sql语句,多个SqlSession对象可以共用二级缓存,二级缓存是跨SqlSession的。
2、一级缓存实例
(1)User.java
public class User {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private String password;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public User() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public User(Integer id, String name, String password) {
super();
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", password=" + password + "]";
}
}
(2)UserMapper.java
public interface UserMapper {
public User findUserById(Integer id) throws Exception;
public void updateUserById(User user) throws Exception;
}
(3)UserMapper.xml
<mapper namespace="com.mybatis.mapper.UserMapper">
<select id="findUserById" parameterType="Integer" resultType="com.mybatis.bean.User">
select id,name,password from user where id=#{id}
</select>
<update id="updateUserById" parameterType="com.mybatis.bean.User">
update user set name=#{name},password=#{password} where id=#{id}
</update>
</mapper>
(4)UserTest.java
public class UserTest {
private SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
String resource = "config/mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
}
@Test
public void testFindUserById1() throws Exception{
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
//第一次发起请求,查询id为1的用户
//先从缓存中查找是否有id为1的用户信息,如果没有,则从数据库中查找用户信息
//得到用户信息并保存在一级缓存中
User user1 = userMapper.findUserById(1);
System.out.println(user1);
//第二次发起请求,查询id为1的用户
//先从缓存中查找是否有id为1的用户信息,如果有,则直接从缓存中查找用户信息
User user2 = userMapper.findUserById(1);
System.out.println(user2);
sqlSession.close();
}
@Test
public void testFindUserById2() throws Exception{
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
UserMapper userMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
//第一次发起请求,查询id为1的用户
User user1 = userMapper.findUserById(1);
System.out.println(user1);
//更新user1
user1.setPassword("123456");
userMapper.updateUserById(user1);
//如果sqlSession执行commit操作,则会清空sqlSession中的一级缓存,目的是避免脏读
sqlSession.commit();
//第二次发起请求,查询id为1的用户
User user2 = userMapper.findUserById(1);
System.out.println(user2);
sqlSession.close();
}
}
(5)db.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hwd
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
(6)mybatis-config.xml
<configuration>
<properties resource="config/db.properties"></properties>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<package name="com.mybatis.mapper"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
(7)log4j.properties
# Global logging configuration
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout
# Console output...
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n
3、二级缓存实例
(1)User.java
/**
* 实现序列化接口,目的是实现反序列化操作,因为二级缓存数据存储介质多种多样,不一定保存在内存中
* @author vineg
*
*/
public class User implements Serializable {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private String password;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public User() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public User(Integer id, String name, String password) {
super();
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", password=" + password + "]";
}
}
(2)UserMapper.java
public interface UserMapper {
public User findUserById1(Integer id) throws Exception;
public User findUserById2(Integer id) throws Exception;
public void updateUserById(User user) throws Exception;
}
(3)UserMapper.xml
<mapper namespace="com.mybatis.mapper.UserMapper">
<!-- 开启本mapper的二级缓存 -->
<cache/>
<select id="findUserById1" parameterType="Integer"
resultType="com.mybatis.bean.User">
select id,name,password from user where id=#{id}
</select>
<!-- 在statement中设置useCache="false"(默认值是true),可以禁用当前select语句的二级缓存 -->
<select id="findUserById2" parameterType="Integer"
resultType="com.mybatis.bean.User" useCache="false">
select id,name,password from user where id=#{id}
</select>
<update id="updateUserById" parameterType="com.mybatis.bean.User">
update user set name=#{name},password=#{password} where id=#{id}
</update>
</mapper>
(4)UserTest.java
public class UserTest {
private SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
String resource = "config/mybatis-config.xml";
InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
}
@Test
public void testFindUserById1() throws Exception{
SqlSession sqlSession1 = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
UserMapper userMapper1 = sqlSession1.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
//第一次发起请求,查询id为1的用户
//先从缓存中查找是否有id为1的用户信息,如果没有,则从数据库中查找用户信息
User user1 = userMapper1.findUserById1(1);
System.out.println(user1);
//执行关闭操作,目的是将sqlSession1中的数据写到二级缓存
sqlSession1.close();
SqlSession sqlSession2 = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
UserMapper userMapper2 = sqlSession2.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
//第二次发起请求,查询id为1的用户
//先从缓存中查找是否有id为1的用户信息,如果有,则直接从缓存中查找用户信息
User user2 = userMapper2.findUserById1(1);
System.out.println(user2);
sqlSession1.close();
}
@Test
public void testFindUserById2() throws Exception{
SqlSession sqlSession1 = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
UserMapper userMapper1 = sqlSession1.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
//第一次发起请求,查询id为1的用户
User user1 = userMapper1.findUserById1(1);
System.out.println(user1);
//执行关闭操作,目的是将sqlSession1中的数据写到二级缓存
sqlSession1.close();
SqlSession sqlSession2 = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
UserMapper userMapper2 = sqlSession2.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
User user2 = new User(1, "tom", "123");
userMapper2.updateUserById(user2);
//执行commit,清空userMapper下的二级缓存
sqlSession2.commit();
sqlSession2.close();
SqlSession sqlSession3 = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
UserMapper userMapper3 = sqlSession3.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
//第二次发起请求,查询id为1的用户
User user3 = userMapper3.findUserById1(1);
System.out.println(user3);
sqlSession1.close();
}
@Test
public void testFindUserById3() throws Exception{
SqlSession sqlSession1 = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
UserMapper userMapper1 = sqlSession1.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
//第一次发起请求,查询id为1的用户
User user1 = userMapper1.findUserById2(1);
System.out.println(user1);
sqlSession1.close();
SqlSession sqlSession2 = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
UserMapper userMapper2 = sqlSession2.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
//第二次发起请求,查询id为1的用户
//由于禁用了statement的id是findUserById2的二级缓存,所以用户信息还是从数据库中查找
User user2 = userMapper2.findUserById2(1);
System.out.println(user2);
sqlSession1.close();
}
}
(5)db.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/hwd
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
(6)mybatis-config.xml
<configuration>
<properties resource="config/db.properties"></properties>
<settings>
<!-- 开启二级缓存 -->
<setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true" />
</settings>
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<mappers>
<package name="com.mybatis.mapper"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
(7)log4j.properties
# Global logging configuration
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout
# Console output...
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n