getName(), getSimpleName(), getCanonicalName()的区别

Java中Class类名的获取有多个方法，如果错用可能得不到预期结果，我们拿出来简单对比一下：

• getName()
  以字符串的形式返回Class全名，包括包名+类名
• getSimpleName()
  仅仅返回类名，不返回包名
• getCanonicalName()
  Java SE Specifications中定义的Class全名，包括包名和类名

JavaSpec中的Class名与getName的有何不同？

getName()返回的是Class在JVM中的名字，而getCanonicalName()返回的Specifications名字可读性更友好，对于普通对象类两者没有区别，主要区别在于JVM内建类型上：

• 例如数组：int[]
getName()：[I
getCanonicalName()：int[]
• 二维数组：byte[][]
getName(): [[B
getCanonicalName(): byte[][]
• 内部类：
  getName()：com.my.pkg.Main$Demo1$Demo2
getCanonicalName()：com.my.pkg.Main.Demo1.Demo2

Demo

package com.my.sample;

public class ClassNameSample {

    public ClassNameSample() {
        InnerClass innerClass = new InnerClass();
        innerClass.className();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("\nOuter Class");
        System.out.println(" Name      - " + ClassNameSample.class.getName());
        System.out.println(" Simple    - " + ClassNameSample.class.getSimpleName());
        System.out.println(" Canonical - " + ClassNameSample.class.getCanonicalName());
        System.out.println("Outer Anonymous Class");
        new Object() {
            public void className() {
                System.out.println(" Name      - " + getClass().getName());
                System.out.println(" Simple    - " + getClass().getSimpleName());
                System.out.println(" Canonical - " + getClass().getCanonicalName());
            }
        }.className();
        //Inner class
        new ClassNameSample();
        //Static inner class
        new StaticInnerClass().className();
    }

    private class InnerClass {
        public void className() {
            System.out.println("\nInner Class");
            System.out.println(" Name      - " + getClass().getName());
            System.out.println(" Simple    - " + getClass().getSimpleName());
            System.out.println(" Canonical - " + getClass().getCanonicalName());
            System.out.println("Inner Anonymous Class");
            new Object() {
                public void className() {
                    System.out.println(" Name      - " + getClass().getName());
                    System.out.println(" Simple    - " + getClass().getSimpleName());
                    System.out.println(" Canonical - " + getClass().getCanonicalName());
                }
            }.className();
        }
    }

    private static class StaticInnerClass {

        public void className() {
            System.out.println("\nStatic Inner Class");
            System.out.println(" Name      - " + getClass().getName());
            System.out.println(" Simple    - " + getClass().getSimpleName());
            System.out.println(" Canonical - " + getClass().getCanonicalName());
            System.out.println("Static Inner Anonymous Class");
            (new Object() {
                public void className() {
                    System.out.println(" Name      - " + getClass().getName());
                    System.out.println(" Simple    - " + getClass().getSimpleName());
                    System.out.println(" Canonical - " + getClass().getCanonicalName());
                }
            }).className();
        }
    }
}

运行结果：

Outer Class
 Name      - com.my.sample.ClassNameSample
 Simple    - ClassNameSample
 Canonical - com.my.sample.ClassNameSample
Outer Anonymous Class
 Name      - com.my.sample.ClassNameSample$1
 Simple    - 
 Canonical - null

Inner Class
 Name      - com.my.sample.ClassNameSample$InnerClass
 Simple    - InnerClass
 Canonical - com.my.sample.ClassNameSample.InnerClass
Inner Anonymous Class
 Name      - com.my.sample.ClassNameSample$InnerClass$1
 Simple    - 
 Canonical - null

Static Inner Class
 Name      - com.my.sample.ClassNameSample$StaticInnerClass
 Simple    - StaticInnerClass
 Canonical - com.my.sample.ClassNameSample.StaticInnerClass
Static Inner Anonymous Class
 Name      - com.my.sample.ClassNameSample$StaticInnerClass$1
 Simple    - 
 Canonical - null

总结

• 匿名类的simple name是空字符串、canonical name是null
• name既不会为null也不会为空，永远有返回
• 内部类的静态与否无差别