java对xml文件的操作

对于xml文件的操作，java给出了很多种方法~ 包括sun公司自己的api和第三方的

1.JAXP  2.SAX  3.dom4j

1.JAXP

DocumentBuilderFactory

定义工厂 API，使应用程序能够从 XML 文档获取生成 DOM 对象树的解析器。

package com.ahu.xml;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;

public class Demo1 {

	//得到xml文件的参数
	@Test
	public void test() throws Exception{
		DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = builder.parse("src/test.xml");
		
		NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("name");
		Node node = list.item(0);
		
		System.out.println(node.getTextContent());
		
		
	}
	
	//得到xml文件的属性值
	@Test
	public void test1() throws Exception{
		DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = builder.parse("src/test.xml");
		
		NodeList list = document.getElementsByTagName("name");
		Element el = (Element) list.item(0);
		
		System.out.println(el.getAttribute("id"));
		
		
	}
	
}

package com.ahu.xml;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;

public class Demo2 {

	//对xml文件的增删改
	
	//对xml文件内增加节点
	@Test
	public void add() throws Exception{
		
		DocumentBuilderFactory factory  = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = builder.parse("src/test.xml");
		
		//创建新的节点
		Element price = document.createElement("price");
		price.setTextContent("100");
		
		Element book = (Element) document.getElementsByTagName("book").item(0);
		book.appendChild(price);
		
		//存入文件
		
		Transformer former = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer();
		former.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream("src/test.xml")));
	
	}
	//对xml文件内指定位置增加节点
	@Test
	public void add1() throws Exception{
		
		DocumentBuilderFactory factory  = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = builder.parse("src/test.xml");
		
		//创建新的节点
		Element price = document.createElement("price");
		price.setTextContent("100");
		
		//得到参考节点
		Element price1 = (Element) document.getElementsByTagName("price").item(0);
		
		//得到父节点
		Element book = (Element) document.getElementsByTagName("book").item(0);
		
		book.insertBefore(price, price1);
		
		
		//存入文件
		
		Transformer former = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer();
		former.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream("src/test.xml")));
	
	}
	//对xml文件内删除节点
	@Test
	public void delete() throws Exception{
		
		DocumentBuilderFactory factory  = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = builder.parse("src/test.xml");
		
		//得到要删除的节点
		 Element price = (Element) document.getElementsByTagName("price").item(0);
		
		//得到要删除节点的父节点
		Element book = (Element) document.getElementsByTagName("book").item(0);
		
		//删除
		book.removeChild(price.getParentNode());
			
		
		
		
		//存入文件
		
		Transformer former = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer();
		former.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream("src/test.xml")));
		
		
		
	}
	//对xml文件内节点进行修改
	@Test
	public void edit() throws Exception{
		
		DocumentBuilderFactory factory  = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
		DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
		Document document = builder.parse("src/test.xml");
		
		//得到需要修改的节点信息
		Element price = (Element) document.getElementsByTagName("price").item(0);
		
		price.setTextContent("100");
		
		
		
		//存入文件
		
		Transformer former = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer();
		former.transform(new DOMSource(document), new StreamResult(new FileOutputStream("src/test.xml")));
		
		
		
	}
}

2.SAX

定义工厂 API，使应用程序能够配置和获取基于 SAX 的解析器以解析 XML 文档。

package com.ahu.sax2xml;

public class Book {

	private String name ;
	private String autor;
	private String price ;
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public String getAutor() {
		return autor;
	}
	public void setAutor(String autor) {
		this.autor = autor;
	}
	public String getPrice() {
		return price;
	}
	public void setPrice(String price) {
		this.price = price;
	}
	
	
}
package com.ahu.sax2xml;


import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;
import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.xml.sax.Attributes;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;
import org.xml.sax.XMLReader;
import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;

public class Demo {

	@Test
	public void test() throws ParserConfigurationException, SAXException, Exception
	{
		//1.创建解析工厂
		 SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();
		//2.得到解析器
		 SAXParser sp = factory.newSAXParser();
		
		//3.得到读取器
		 XMLReader reader = sp.getXMLReader();
		
		//4.设置内容处理器
		 BeanListHandler handler = new BeanListHandler();
		reader.setContentHandler(handler);
		
		//5.读取xml文档内容
		reader.parse("src/test.xml");
		
		List list = handler.getBooks();
		Book book ;
		for(int i = 0 ;i<list.size();i++){
			book = (Book)list.get(i);
			System.out.println(book.getAutor());
			System.out.println(book.getName());
			System.out.println(book.getPrice());
			
		}
	}
}

class BeanListHandler extends DefaultHandler
{

	private List list  = new ArrayList();
	private String currentTag;
	private Book book;
	
	@Override
	public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String name,
			Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {
		currentTag = name;
		if("book".equals(currentTag))
		{
			book = new Book();
		}
	}
	
	@Override
	public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length)
			throws SAXException {

		if("name".equals(currentTag)){
			book.setName(new String(ch,start,length));
		}
		if("autor".equals(currentTag)){
			book.setAutor(new String(ch,start,length));
		}
		if("price".equals(currentTag)){
			book.setPrice(new String(ch,start,length));
		}
	}

	@Override
	public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName)
			throws SAXException {
		if("book".equals(qName)){
			list.add(book);
			book = null;
		}
		currentTag = null;
		
	}

	public List getBooks() {
		return list;
	}

	
	
}
3.dom4j

package com.ahu.dom4j;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;

import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.DocumentException;
import org.dom4j.DocumentHelper;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.OutputFormat;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.dom4j.io.XMLWriter;
import org.junit.Test;

public class Demo {

	//在xml文件中的指定位置添加数据
	
	@Test
	public void add() throws Exception
	{
		 SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
	     Document document = reader.read("src/test.xml");
	     
	     Element book = document.getRootElement().element("book");
	     List list = book.elements();
	     
	     //增加新的节点
	     Element price = DocumentHelper.createElement("price");
	     price.setText("290");
	     
	     list.add(2, price);
	     
	     
	     OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
	     format.setEncoding("UTF-8");
	     XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream("src/test.xml"),format);
         writer.write( document );
         writer.close();
	}
	
	//删除指定位置的节点
	@Test
	public void delete() throws Exception{
		
		SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
	    Document document = reader.read("src/test.xml");
	    
	    Element price = document.getRootElement().element("book").element("price");
	    price.getParent().remove(price);
	    
	    OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
	    format.setEncoding("UTF-8");
	    XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream("src/test.xml"),format);
        writer.write( document );
        writer.close();
	}
	
	//更新指定节点的内容
	@Test
	public void Update() throws Exception{
		
		SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
	    Document document = reader.read("src/test.xml");
	    
	    Element book = (Element) document.getRootElement().elements("book").get(1);
	    book.element("autor").setText("ahu");
	    
	    OutputFormat format = OutputFormat.createPrettyPrint();
	    format.setEncoding("UTF-8");
	    XMLWriter writer = new XMLWriter(new FileOutputStream("src/test.xml"),format);
        writer.write( document );
        writer.close();
	}
}