20. Valid Parentheses

Given a string s containing just the characters ‘(’, ‘)’, ‘{’, ‘}’, ‘[’ and ‘]’, determine if the input string is valid.

An input string is valid if:

Open brackets must be closed by the same type of brackets.
Open brackets must be closed in the correct order.
Every close bracket has a corresponding open bracket of the same type.

Example 1:

Input: s = “()”
Output: true
Example 2:

Input: s = “()[]{}”
Output: true
Example 3:

Input: s = “(]”
Output: false

Constraints:

1 <= s.length <= 104
s consists of parentheses only ‘()[]{}’.

Solution1 Stack

• Maintain a stack s ,and maintain a hash map m like this:
  {
  {“{”, “}”},
  {“[”,“]”},
  {“(”,“)”}
  }

• if the size of the string is an odd number then return false;

• Loop over the string,

• if the current character is an open bracket, then push it into s

• if it is a close bracket, then get the top element of s, denoted as variable p, if m.at(p） does not equal the current character then return false, otherwise

• Pop the top of the stack。 if s is empty after the looping is done then return true, otherwise return false