Java学习-mybatis-第一个mybatis-CURD 增删改查-ResultMap

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-11 01:57:38 发布

vly521

最新推荐文章于 2024-01-11 01:57:38 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/vly521/article/details/104396344

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1、什么MyBatis
注：《3、CURD 增删改查》中有完成配置代码和文件夹命名截图
前身：MyBatis 本是apache的一个开源项目iBatis 未来我们编写代码的时候，导入包的时候，ibatis；

MyBatis：需要在 Github 上下载！

GitHub地址：https://github.com/mybatis/mybatis-3

当前，最新版本是MyBatis 3.5.4 ，其发布时间是2020年2月4日。

官网地址：https://mybatis.org/mybatis-3/

MyBatis特性：

MyBatis 是一款优秀的持久层框架
它支持定制化 SQL、存储过程以及高级映射。
MyBatis 避免了几乎所有的 JDBC 代码和手动设置参数以及获取结果集。
MyBatis 可以使用简单的 XML 或注解来配置和映射原生类型、接口和 Java 的 POJO（Plain Old Java Objects，普通老式 Java 对象）为数据库中的记录。

2、第一个程序
1、准备一个数据库

CREATE DATABASE `mybatis`;

USE `mybatis`;
CREATE TABLE `user`(
    `id` INT(20) NOT NULL,
    `name` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
    `pwd` VARCHAR(30) DEFAULT NULL,
     PRIMARY KEY(`id`)
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
INSERT INTO `user`(`id`,`name`,`pwd`)
VALUES (1,'周丹','123456'),(2,'周颖','zxcvbn'),(3,'姜嘉航','123456');

在这里插入图片描述
2、准备jar包,Maven 加上连接数据库的jar包

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
    <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
    <version>3.5.4</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>

在这里插入图片描述
3、第一步配置文件编写 mybatis-config.xml ，配置数据库连接

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="123456"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
</configuration>

4、编写一个工具类操作数据库

public class MyBatisUtils {

    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;

    static {
        try {
            String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
            InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            // 工厂模式
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    // 获取sqlSession的连接
    public static SqlSession getSession(){
        return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    }


}

5、配置了一个实体类，引入了Lombok
首先需要加载Lombok的jar包

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;
}

6、持久层的操作接口

// 操作用户的接口类
public interface UserMapper {

    List<User> getUserList();

}

7、原来我们需要编写接口实现类，使用了Mybatis之后，我们可以专注编写SQL，使用配置文件

好处，程序运行起来之后，我依旧可以动态修改代码，解耦、

注意点：1、namespace 绑定对应的接口，2、具体操作（CRUD）表情对应的id，为接口中的方法，

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!-- 原来我们都是编写具体的执行sql -->
<mapper namespace="com.g'ggg.mapper.UserMapper">
gg
    <select id="getUserList" resultType="com.g'g.pojo.User">
        select * from user;
    </select>

</mapper>

8、这个配置文件一定要注册到Mybatis的配置文件中

<mappers>
    <mapper resource="com/kuang/mapper/UserMapper.xml"/>
</mappers>

9、测试运行

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 如何获取接口

        // 1、 获取SqlSession， 执行sql使用的
        SqlSession session = MyBatisUtils.getSession();
        // 2、通过 session.getMapper(Class ) 获得接口
        UserMapper mapper = session.getMapper(UserMapper.class);

        List<User> userList = mapper.getUserList();
        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }

    }
}

在这里插入图片描述

3、CURD 增删改查

固定操作

1、编写接口

2、编写接口对应的SQL配置文件，一定要确保配置文件和SQL的正确性

3、测试

1、通过id 查询用户 User selectById(int id);

2、通过用户名和密码查询用户 User selectByUsernamePwd(String username, String pwd);

3、新增一个用户 int addUser(User user);

4、修改用户信息 int updateUser(User user);

5、删除一个用户 int deleteUserByID(int id);

注意点

1、多个参数一定要增加 @Param 注解

2、增删改一定要增加事务提交

3、增删改，标签一定要对应，参数类型必须要写

4、增删改不用写返回值，查询，必须写返回值，集合、泛型中的内容（具体的对象）

下面是完整的增删改查代码
Test

import com.gg.mapper.Users;
import com.gg.pojo.User;
import com.gg.utils.Util;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;

import java.util.List;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SqlSession session = Util.getSession();
        Users users = session.getMapper(Users .class);

        List<User> list =  users.getUsers();
        for (User user : list) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }

        User userById = users.getUserById(1);
        System.out.println(userById);

        User zd = users.selectByUsernamePwd("周丹", "123456");
        System.out.println(zd);

        int add = users.addUser(new User(5, "郭建", "123456"));
        session.commit();
        if (add>0){
            System.out.println("增加成功");
        }

        int up = users.updateUser(new User(1, "郭建", "123456"));

        session.commit();
        if (up>0){
            System.out.println("修改成功");
        }

    }

}

Users

package com.gg.mapper;

import com.gg.pojo.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

import java.util.List;

public interface Users {
    List<User> getUsers();
    User getUserById(int id);
    User selectByUsernamePwd(@Param("username") String username, @Param("pwd")String pwd);
    int addUser(User user);
    int updateUser(User user);

}

User

public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;

    public User(int id, String name, String pwd) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public void setPwd(String pwd) {
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public String getPwd() {
        return pwd;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

Util

package com.gg.utils;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class Util {

        private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;

        static {
            try {
                String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
                InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
                // 工厂模式
                sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }

        // 获取sqlSession的连接
        public static SqlSession getSession(){
            return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        }



}

Users.xml

xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.gg.mapper.Users">
    
    <select id="getUsers" resultType="com.gg.pojo.User">
        select * from user;
    </select>

    <select id="getUserById" resultType="com.gg.pojo.User">
        select * from user where id=#{id};
    </select>
    <select id="selectByUsernamePwd" resultType="com.gg.pojo.User">
        select * from user where name =#{username} and pwd = #{pwd};
    </select>

    <insert id="addUser" parameterType="com.gg.pojo.User">
        INSERT INTO `user` (`id`, `name`, `pwd`) VALUES (#{id}, #{name}, #{pwd});
    </insert>

    <update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.gg.pojo.User">
        update `user` set `name` = #{name} where id=#{id};
    </update>

</mapper>

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="123456"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
        <package name="com.gg.mapper"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

在这里插入图片描述
4、配置文件

1、配置mappper映射器为扫描包的
这样

<typeAliases>
        <package name="com.gg.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>

<mapper namespace="com.gg.mapper.UserMapper">

	<select id="getUserList" resultType="User">
		select * from user;
	</select>

2、配置db.properties 让配置文件读取

driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis? useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8
username=root
password=123456

<environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="${driver}"/>
                <property name="url" value="${url}"/>
                <property name="username" value="${username}"/>
                <property name="password" value="${password}"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

3、配置类型的别名，简化开发

4、通过settings 配置日志

<settings>
        <setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
    </settings>

5、ResultMap
在这里插入图片描述
问题：假如属性名和字段名不一致！
实体类的属性为password而数据库中的为pwd

private int id;
    private String name;
    private String password;

将pwd映射到password上即可

<mapper namespace="com.gg.mapper.UserMapper">
	<resultMap id="a" type="User">
		<result column="pwd" property="password"/>

	</resultMap>

	<select id="getUser" resultMap="a">
		select * from user where id=#{id};
	</select>

</mapper>

如果属性名和数据库的列名，一致，这个时候mybatis 会帮我们自动推断！=>自动映射

如果属性名和数据库的列名，不一致，手动实现映射

示例：首先创建数据库文件
在这里插入图片描述

工具类和相关配置

public class MyBatisUtils {
    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;

    static {
        try {
            String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
            InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    public static SqlSession getSession(){

        return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    }


}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">

<configuration>

    <settings>
        <setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
        <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/>
        <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
    </settings>

    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.gg.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>

    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis? useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8"/>
                <property name="username" value="root"/>
                <property name="password" value="123456"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>

    <mappers>
        <package name="com.gg.mapper"/>
    </mappers>

</configuration>

一对多：一个老师查询该老师下面的所有学生

@org.junit.Test
    public void getTeacher(){
        SqlSession session = MyBatisUtils.getSession();
        TeacherMapper mapper = session.getMapper(TeacherMapper.class);
        Teacher teacher = mapper.getTeacher(1);
        System.out.println(teacher);
    }

@Data
public class Teacher {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private List<Student> students;
}

@Data
public class Student {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private int tid;
}

public interface TeacherMapper {
    Teacher getTeacher(int id);
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">


<mapper namespace="com.gg.mapper.TeacherMapper">

    <resultMap id="TeacherStudent" type="Teacher">
        <id column="tid" property="id"/>
        <result column="tname" property="name"/>

        <collection property = "students" ofType="Student">
            <result column="sid" property="id"/>
            <result column="sname" property="name"/>
            <result column="tid" property="tid"/>
        </collection>

    </resultMap>
    <select id="getTeacher" resultMap="TeacherStudent">
SELECT s.id sid,s.name sname,t.name tname,t.id tid
FROM student s,teacher t
WHERE s.tid=t.id AND t.id=#{id}
	</select>


</mapper>

多对一：多个学生查询学生和其同一个老师

@org.junit.Test
    public void getStudents(){
        SqlSession session = MyBatisUtils.getSession();
        StudentMapper mapper = session.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
        List<Student> students = mapper.getStudents();
        for (Student student : students) {
            System.out.println(student);
        }
    }

@Data
public class Student {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private Teacher teacher;
}

@Data
public class Teacher {
    private int id;
    private String name;

}


public interface StudentMapper {
    List<Student> getStudents();
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">


<mapper namespace="com.gg.mapper.StudentMapper">
    <resultMap id="StudentTeacher" type="com.gg.pojo.Student">
        <result property="id" column="sid"/>
        <result property="name" column="sname"/>
        <association property="teacher" javaType="com.gg.pojo.Teacher">
            <result property="id" column="tid"/>
            <result property="name" column="tname"/>
        </association>
    </resultMap>

    <select id="getStudents" resultMap="StudentTeacher">
		select s.id sid,s.name sname,t.id tid,t.name tname
		from Student s,Teacher t
		where t.id=s.tid
	</select>


</mapper>

6、分页（一定要会的）

日志：Log4j

为什么要使用日志；

跑了一个代码，只能看到结果！结果有错误了。排除错误！

MyBatis日志：

<settings>
    <!--配置日志，就可以看到具体的SQL信息，从而找到出错的原因！-->
    <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
</settings>

工作中我们用的更多的 log4j；Apache

如何使用Log4j

1、导入包依赖

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4j -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>log4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>

2、编写log4j的配置文件

### 设置###
log4j.rootLogger = debug,stdout,D,E

### 输出信息到控制抬 ###
log4j.appender.stdout = org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.Target = System.out
log4j.appender.stdout.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern = [%-5p] %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss,SSS} method:%l%n%m%n

### 输出DEBUG 级别以上的日志到=E://logs/error.log ###
log4j.appender.D = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.D.File = ./log/log.log
log4j.appender.D.Append = true
log4j.appender.D.Threshold = DEBUG
log4j.appender.D.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.D.layout.ConversionPattern = %-d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}  [ %t:%r ] - [ %p ]  %m%n

### 输出ERROR 级别以上的日志到=E://logs/error.log ###
log4j.appender.E = org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.E.File =./log/error.log
log4j.appender.E.Append = true
log4j.appender.E.Threshold = ERROR
log4j.appender.E.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout

3、修改日志实现为 Log4j，注意大小写问题即可

<settings>
    <!--配置日志，就可以看到具体的SQL信息，从而找到出错的原因！
         切换为Log4j 的之后，大小写问题
        -->
    <setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
</settings>

4、假设我们要使用Log4j 的类去打印日志

import com.kuang.mapper.RMapper;
import com.kuang.pojo.User;
import com.kuang.utils.MyBatisUtils;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;

public class Test1 {
    // 注意导入包的问题  org.apache.log4j.Logger
    static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(Test1.class);

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        SqlSession session = MyBatisUtils.getSession();
        RMapper mapper = session.getMapper(RMapper.class);

        System.out.println("1231321222222");// 普通的输出

        // 通过log4j 可以将日志实现细粒度的控制；
        logger.error("1231321222222"); // 错误信息
        logger.info("1231321222222"); // 提示信息
        logger.debug("1231321222222");

        // 属性名和字段不一致！
        User user = mapper.selectUserById(1);
        System.out.println(user);

    }
}

为什么要分页：提高服务器性能！按照一小部分一小部分的来处理我们的数据！

Limit

Select * from user limit startIndex,Pagesize

代码：

Test

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SqlSession session = MyBatisUtils.getSession();
        UserMapper mapper = session.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
        Map<String, Integer> map = new HashMap<String, Integer>();

        int startIndex = 1;
        int size = 3;
        map.put("startIndex",(startIndex-1)*size);
        map.put("size",size);
        List<User> users = mapper.selectUsersByLinmit(map);

        for (User user : users) {

            System.out.println(user);
        }
    }
}

UserMapper

public interface UserMapper {
       List<User> getUserList();
        User getUser(int id);
        List<User> selectUsersByLinmit(Map<String,Integer> map);
}

UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
		PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">


<mapper namespace="com.gg.mapper.UserMapper">
	<resultMap id="a" type="User">
		<result column="pwd" property="password"/>

	</resultMap>

	<select id="selectUsersByLinmit" parameterType="map" resultMap="a">
		select * from user limit #{startIndex},#{size}
	</select>


</mapper>