MySQL分为安装版和绿色版。本人经常捣鼓系统,所以我自己装的软件会尽量选择绿色免安装版,废话不多说,详细步骤如下:
1、下载
官网下载网址:https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
点击Dowload后会要求你登录,不用管,直接点击No thanks, just start my download
2、解压
解压后的目录列表如下(8.0.21版本)
3、配置my.ini文件
由于官网从5.7.18开始之后都不在二进制包中提供my-default.ini文件,所以这就需要我们自行创建一个my.ini文件(如果有my-default.ini文件,复制一份,把名称修改成my.ini 即可)
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
[mysqld]
#skip-grant-tables
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
# basedir = .....
# datadir = .....
# port = .....
# server_id = .....
basedir ="E:\MySoftWare\MySQL" # 设置mysql的安装目录
datadir ="E:\MySoftWare\MySQL\data" # 设置mysql数据库的数据的存放目录,必须是data,或者是//xxx/data
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
#服务端的编码方式
character-set-server=utf8
[client]
#客户端编码方式,最好和服务端保存一致
loose-default-character-set=utf8
[WinMySQLadmin]
Server = "E:\MySoftWare\MySQL\bin\mysqld.exe"
这里有三处地方需要修改成你的mysql安装目录:
(1)basedir ="E:\MySoftWare\MySQL" # 设置你自己 mysql的安装目录
(2)datadir ="E:\MySoftWare\MySQL\data" # 设置你自己 mysql数据库的data文件夹的存放目录,必须是data
(3)Server = "E:\MySoftWare\MySQL\bin\mysqld.exe" # 设置你自己 mysql数据库的mysqld.exe文件的存放目录
4、配置环境变量
选中 我的电脑 → 鼠标右键 → 属性(R) → 高级系统设置 → 环境变量(N) 进行环境配置
5、初始化数据库
以管理员身份打开“命令行窗口”,输入命令mysqld --initialize-insecure(会将root用户的密码初始化为空)
执行这条命令需要花一定的时间(大概几秒,根据电脑情况),不会有返回结果,系统会自动在mysql根目录下,创建data文件夹,并生成相关文件
ps:直接执行mysqld --initialize命令,也可以完成初始化,但是后面需要去.err文件里面找随机密码
6、mysql服务
管理员权限的打开cmd输入:
mysqld install
当看到Service successfully installed时,表示Mysql服务安装成功
继续cmd输入:
net start mysql
提示服务启动成功即可
7、登陆mysql
cmd输入:
mysql -uroot -p
这时会提示你输入密码,因为之前初始化的时候,密码为空,所以这里直接回车登陆就行了
8、设置/修改mysql密码
mysql登陆状态下,输入:
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '密码';
flush privileges;
提示Query OK即可
9、卸载MySQL
1、停止mysql服务
使用管理权限打开cmd,输入:
net stop mysql
2、删除MySQL的注册表
Win+R打开运行界面,在输入框中输入 regedit 进入系统注册表窗口
找到地址:计算机\HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Services\MySQL
删除mysql文件夹(建议先备份注册表)
3、移除mysql服务
使用管理权限打开cmd,输入:
mysqld remove
当看到有Service successfully removed时,则表示移除Mysql服务成功
4、删除Mysql根目录全部文件