PySide学习笔记第十二章－绘制

当我们想改变或者优化一些空间的现实效果时，我们可以调用PySide的工具箱的API接口来实现

绘制操作包含在paintEvent()函数中，绘制的代码包含在QtGui.QPainter 对象的begin()以及end()函数中间

1、绘制文本 Drawing text －－将Unicode文本显示在窗口客户端区域

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
ZetCode PySide tutorial

In this example, we draw text in Russian azbuka.

author: Jan Bodnar
website: zetcode.com
last edited: August 2011
"""

import sys
from PySide import QtGui, QtCore

class Example(QtGui.QWidget):

    def __init__(self):
        super(Example, self).__init__()

        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):

        self.text = u'\u041b\u0435\u0432 \u041d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0430\
\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0422\u043e\u043b\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439: \n\
\u0410\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0430'

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 280, 170)
        self.setWindowTitle('Draw text')
        self.show()

    def paintEvent(self, event):

        qp = QtGui.QPainter()
        qp.begin(self)
        self.drawText(event, qp) # 绘制函数定义在begin和end函数之间
        qp.end()

    def drawText(self, event, qp):

        qp.setPen(QtGui.QColor(168, 34, 3)) # 设置画笔和字体,然后绘制文本
        qp.setFont(QtGui.QFont('Decorative', 10))
        qp.drawText(event.rect(), QtCore.Qt.AlignCenter, self.text)


def main():

    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

二、画点

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
ZetCode PySide tutorial

In the example, we draw randomly 1000 red points
on the window.

author: Jan Bodnar
website: zetcode.com
last edited: August 2011
"""

import sys, random
from PySide import QtGui, QtCore

class Example(QtGui.QWidget):

    def __init__(self):
        super(Example, self).__init__()

        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 280, 170)
        self.setWindowTitle('Points')
        self.show()

    def paintEvent(self, e):

        qp = QtGui.QPainter()
        qp.begin(self)
        self.drawPoints(qp)
        qp.end()

    def drawPoints(self, qp):# 随机画点

        qp.setPen(QtCore.Qt.red)
        size = self.size()

        for i in range(1000):
            x = random.randint(1, size.width()-1)
            y = random.randint(1, size.height()-1)
            qp.drawPoint(x, y)


def main():

    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

三、颜色对象 －－代表RGB值，最常见的是RGB10或16进制值，也可以用RGBA值，多了一个透明度通道，RGBA都在0-255之间，0代表全透明，255代表不透明

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
ZetCode PySide tutorial

This example draws three rectangles in three
different colors.

author: Jan Bodnar
website: zetcode.com
last edited: August 2011
"""

import sys
from PySide import QtGui, QtCore

class Example(QtGui.QWidget):

    def __init__(self):
        super(Example, self).__init__()

        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 350, 100)
        self.setWindowTitle('Colors')
        self.show()

    def paintEvent(self, e):

        qp = QtGui.QPainter()
        qp.begin(self)
        self.drawRectangles(qp)
        qp.end()

    def drawRectangles(self, qp):

        color = QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0)
        color.setNamedColor('#d4d4d4')
        qp.setPen(color)

        qp.setBrush(QtGui.QColor(200, 0, 0))
        qp.drawRect(10, 15, 90, 60)

        qp.setBrush(QtGui.QColor(255, 80, 0, 160))
        qp.drawRect(130, 15, 90, 60)

        qp.setBrush(QtGui.QColor(25, 0, 90, 200))
        qp.drawRect(250, 15, 90, 60)


def main():

    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

四、笔对象QtGui.QPen 可以用来画直线、曲线、矩形，椭圆，多边形 等等

本示例画各种样式的线

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""
ZetCode PySide tutorial

This example draws three rectangles in three
different colors.

author: Jan Bodnar
website: zetcode.com
last edited: August 2011
"""

import sys
from PySide import QtGui, QtCore

class Example(QtGui.QWidget):

    def __init__(self):
        super(Example, self).__init__()

        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):

        self.setGeometry(300, 300, 280, 270)
        self.setWindowTitle('Pen styles')
        self.show()

    def paintEvent(self, e):

        qp = QtGui.QPainter()
        qp.begin(self)
        self.drawLines(qp)
        qp.end()

    def drawLines(self, qp):

        pen = QtGui.QPen(QtCore.Qt.black, 2, QtCore.Qt.SolidLine)

        qp.setPen(pen)
        qp.drawLine(20, 40, 250, 40)

        pen.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.DashLine)
        qp.setPen(pen)
        qp.drawLine(20, 80, 250, 80)

        pen.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.DashDotLine)
        qp.setPen(pen)
        qp.drawLine(20, 120, 250, 120)

        pen.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.DotLine)
        qp.setPen(pen)
        qp.drawLine(20, 160, 250, 160)

        pen.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.DashDotDotLine)
        qp.setPen(pen)
        qp.drawLine(20, 200, 250, 200)

        pen.setStyle(QtCore.Qt.CustomDashLine)
        pen.setDashPattern([1, 4, 5, 4])
        qp.setPen(pen)
        qp.drawLine(20, 240, 250, 240)


def main():

    app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
    ex = Example()
    sys.exit(app.exec_())


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

五、画刷－－有三种类型的画刷 （预定义型，梯度型，纹理型）

在本示例中，用9中不同的画刷类型画出9种不同的矩形块