打印外部文件

我们在要打印的文件上点击鼠标右键，弹出菜单中有一个打印子菜单，点击打印就可以完成文档的打印工作。但要注意的是，只有可以打印的文件在鼠标右键点击时才会出现打印子菜单，且操作系统上要安装与之匹配的编辑器。例如有一个DOC格式的文件要能打印，必须要安装WORD或WPS之类的软件，否则操作系统无法识别文件格式，自然也就无法打印， 这种打印叫做快速打印。

在程序中快速打印可以用一个函数来完成：

HINSTANCE ShellExecute(
    HWND hwnd,
    LPCTSTR lpOperation,
    LPCTSTR lpFile,
    LPCTSTR lpParameters,
    LPCTSTR lpDirectory,
    INT nShowCmd
);

其中关键的参数 lpOperation 含义如下：

Address of a null-terminated string that specifies the operation to perform. The following operation strings are valid:

"open"	The function opens the file specified by the lpFile parameter. The file can be an executable file or a document file. It can also be a folder.
"print"	The function prints the file specified by lpFile. The file should be a document file. If the file is an executable file, the function opens the file, as if "open" had been specified.
"explore"	The function explores the folder specified by lpFile.

This parameter can be NULL. In that case, the function opens the file specified by lpFile.

如上所述，在不支持打印文件上将执行打开操作，如BMP图像文件将会以与之匹配的查看器打开。

使用如下：

ShellExecute(NULL, "print", "C://aa.doc", NULL, NULL, SW_HIDE);

SW_HIDE表示隐藏打印，在打印时，文件会被打开，随即将会关闭。

用这种方法真是相当简单方便，可是如何设置纸张的类型和打印方向呢，打印份数可以自己用循环控制，我在网上搜了一下，打印属性无非都是DEVMODE结构体进行设置（DEVMODE太长，在此不贴出，可以自己查MSDN），然后用给结构PRINTER_DEFAULTS进行赋值，再将PRINTER_DEFAULTS传给OpenPrinter的第三个参数，就完成了打印属性的设置。但可惜的是往往这种设置都是局部的，只对传递了打印机句柄的打印操作才有效，ShellExecute无法接受打印机句柄。

所以解决的办法就是设置全局打印机属性(6.0编译不能通过)
//设置打印方向如下：
int SetPrinterOrientation(short dmOrientation)
{
 HANDLE hPrinter = NULL;
 DWORD dwNeeded = 0;
 PRINTER_INFO_2 *pi2 = NULL;
 DEVMODE *pDevMode = NULL;
 PRINTER_DEFAULTS pd;
 BOOL bFlag;
 LONG lFlag;
 LPTSTR pPrinterName = NULL;
 DWORD size;
 GetDefaultPrinter(NULL, &size);
 TCHAR* buffer = new TCHAR[size];
 if(GetDefaultPrinter(buffer, &size))
  pPrinterName = buffer;
 else
 {
  if(buffer != NULL)
   delete buffer;
  return 0;
 }
 ZeroMemory(&pd, sizeof(pd));
 pd.DesiredAccess = PRINTER_ALL_ACCESS;
 bFlag = OpenPrinter(pPrinterName, &hPrinter, &pd);
 if (!bFlag || (hPrinter == NULL))
 {
  if(buffer != NULL)
   delete buffer;
  return 0;
 }
 SetLastError(0);
 bFlag = GetPrinter(hPrinter, 2, 0, 0, &dwNeeded);
 if ((!bFlag) && (GetLastError() !=
  ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER) || (dwNeeded == 0))
 {
  ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
  if(buffer != NULL)
   delete buffer;
  return 0;
 }
 pi2 = (PRINTER_INFO_2 *)GlobalAlloc(GPTR, dwNeeded);
 if (pi2 == NULL)
 {
  ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
  if(buffer != NULL)
   delete buffer;
  return 0;
 }
 bFlag = GetPrinter(hPrinter, 2, (LPBYTE)pi2, dwNeeded, &dwNeeded);
 if (!bFlag)
 {
  GlobalFree(pi2);
  ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
  if(buffer != NULL)
   delete buffer;
  return 0;
 }
 if (pi2->pDevMode == NULL)
 {
  dwNeeded = DocumentProperties(NULL, hPrinter,
   pPrinterName,NULL, NULL, 0);
  if (dwNeeded <= 0)
  {
   GlobalFree(pi2);
   ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
   if(buffer != NULL)
    delete buffer;
   return 0;
  }
  pDevMode = (DEVMODE *)GlobalAlloc(GPTR, dwNeeded);
  if (pDevMode == NULL)
  {
   GlobalFree(pi2);
   ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
   if(buffer != NULL)
    delete buffer;
   return 0;
  }
  lFlag = DocumentProperties(NULL, hPrinter,
   pPrinterName, pDevMode, NULL,DM_OUT_BUFFER);
  if (lFlag != IDOK || pDevMode == NULL)
  {
   GlobalFree(pDevMode);
   GlobalFree(pi2);
   ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
   if(buffer != NULL)
    delete buffer;
   return 0;
  }
  pi2->pDevMode = pDevMode;
 }
 if (!(pi2->pDevMode->dmFields & DM_ORIENTATION))
 {
  GlobalFree(pi2);
  ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
  if (pDevMode)
   GlobalFree(pDevMode);
  if(buffer != NULL)
   delete buffer;
  return 0;
 }
 pi2->pDevMode->dmFields = DM_ORIENTATION;
 int OriginalOrientation = pi2->pDevMode->dmOrientation;
 pi2->pDevMode->dmOrientation = dmOrientation;
 pi2->pSecurityDescriptor = NULL;
 lFlag = DocumentProperties(NULL, hPrinter, pPrinterName,
  pi2->pDevMode, pi2->pDevMode,
  DM_IN_BUFFER | DM_OUT_BUFFER);
 if (lFlag != IDOK)
 {
  GlobalFree(pi2);
  ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
  if (pDevMode)
   GlobalFree(pDevMode);
  if(buffer != NULL)
   delete buffer;
  return 0;
 }
 bFlag = SetPrinter(hPrinter, 2, (LPBYTE)pi2, 0);
 if (!bFlag)
 {
  GlobalFree(pi2);
  ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
  if (pDevMode)
   GlobalFree(pDevMode);
  if(buffer != NULL)
   delete buffer;
  return 0;
 }
 SendMessageTimeout(HWND_BROADCAST, WM_DEVMODECHANGE, 0L,
  (LPARAM)(LPCSTR)pPrinterName, SMTO_NORMAL, 1000, NULL);
 if (pi2)
  GlobalFree(pi2);
 if (hPrinter)
  ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
 if (pDevMode)
  GlobalFree(pDevMode);
 if(buffer != NULL)
  delete buffer;
 return OriginalOrientation;
}

//设置纸张类型如下：
BOOL SetPaperType(short dmPaperSize)
{
 HANDLE hPrinter = NULL;
 DWORD dwNeeded = 0;
 PRINTER_INFO_2 *pi2 = NULL;
 DEVMODE *pDevMode = NULL;
 PRINTER_DEFAULTS pd;
 BOOL bFlag;
 LONG lFlag;
 LPTSTR pPrinterName = NULL;
 DWORD size;
 GetDefaultPrinter(NULL, &size);
 TCHAR* buffer = new TCHAR[size];
 if(GetDefaultPrinter(buffer, &size))
 {
  pPrinterName = buffer;
 }
 else
 {
  if(buffer != NULL)
   delete buffer;
  return FALSE;
 }
 ZeroMemory(&pd, sizeof(pd));
 pd.DesiredAccess = PRINTER_ALL_ACCESS;
 bFlag = OpenPrinter(pPrinterName, &hPrinter, &pd);
 if (!bFlag || (hPrinter == NULL))
 {
  if(buffer != NULL)
   delete buffer;
  return FALSE;
 }
 SetLastError(0);
 bFlag = GetPrinter(hPrinter, 2, 0, 0, &dwNeeded);
 if ((!bFlag) && (GetLastError() !=
  ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER) || (dwNeeded == 0))
 {
  ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
  if(buffer != NULL)
   delete buffer;
  return FALSE;
 }
 pi2 = (PRINTER_INFO_2 *)GlobalAlloc(GPTR, dwNeeded);
 if (pi2 == NULL)
 {
  ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
  if(buffer != NULL)
   delete buffer;
  return FALSE;
 }
 bFlag = GetPrinter(hPrinter, 2, (LPBYTE)pi2, dwNeeded, &dwNeeded);
 if (!bFlag)
 {
  GlobalFree(pi2);
  ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
  if(buffer != NULL)
   delete buffer;
  return FALSE;
 }
 if (pi2->pDevMode == NULL)
 {
  dwNeeded = DocumentProperties(NULL, hPrinter,
   pPrinterName,NULL, NULL, 0);
  if (dwNeeded <= 0)
  {
   GlobalFree(pi2);
   ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
   if(buffer != NULL)
    delete buffer;
   return FALSE;
  }
  pDevMode = (DEVMODE *)GlobalAlloc(GPTR, dwNeeded);
  if (pDevMode == NULL)
  {
   GlobalFree(pi2);
   ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
   if(buffer != NULL)
    delete buffer;
   return FALSE;
  }
  lFlag = DocumentProperties(NULL, hPrinter,
   pPrinterName, pDevMode, NULL,DM_OUT_BUFFER);
  if (lFlag != IDOK || pDevMode == NULL)
  {
   GlobalFree(pDevMode);
   GlobalFree(pi2);
   ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
   if(buffer != NULL)
    delete buffer;
   return FALSE;
  }
  pi2->pDevMode = pDevMode;
 }
 pi2->pDevMode->dmFields = DM_PAPERSIZE;
 pi2->pDevMode->dmPaperSize = dmPaperSize;
 pi2->pSecurityDescriptor = NULL;
 lFlag = DocumentProperties(NULL, hPrinter, pPrinterName,
  pi2->pDevMode, pi2->pDevMode,
  DM_IN_BUFFER | DM_OUT_BUFFER);
 if (lFlag != IDOK)
 {
  GlobalFree(pi2);
  ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
  if (pDevMode)
   GlobalFree(pDevMode);
  if(buffer != NULL)
   delete buffer;
  return FALSE;
 }
 bFlag = SetPrinter(hPrinter, 2, (LPBYTE)pi2, 0);
 if (!bFlag)
 {
  GlobalFree(pi2);
  ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
  if (pDevMode)
   GlobalFree(pDevMode);
  if(buffer != NULL)
   delete buffer;
  return FALSE;
 }
 SendMessageTimeout(HWND_BROADCAST, WM_DEVMODECHANGE, 0L,
  (LPARAM)(LPCSTR)pPrinterName, SMTO_NORMAL, 1000, NULL);
 if (pi2)
  GlobalFree(pi2);
 if (hPrinter)
  ClosePrinter(hPrinter);
 if (pDevMode)
  GlobalFree(pDevMode);
 if(buffer != NULL)
  delete buffer;
 return TRUE;
}