Vue源码解析(一)

前言:接触vue已经有一段时间了,前面也写了几篇关于vue全家桶的内容,感兴趣的小伙伴可以去看看,刚接触的时候就想去膜拜一下源码~可每次鼓起勇气去看vue源码的时候,当看到几万行代码的时候就直接望而却步了,小伙伴是不是也跟我当初一样呢? 下面分享一下我看vue源码的一些感触,然后记录一下我对源码的理解,欢迎指正,纯属个人笔记,大牛勿喷!

我们直接上一张vue官网的vue的生命周期图:

我们跟着源码结合demo把张图全部跑一遍~~

我们以一个webpack+vue单页面引用为demo

首先我们看一下vue源码文件:

我们首先从我们项目的main.js文件开始:

// The Vue build version to load with the `import` command
// (runtime-only or standalone) has been set in webpack.base.conf with an alias.
import Vue from 'vue'
import App from './App'
import router from './router'
import store from './store'

import LazyImage from './lazy'
import {sync} from 'vuex-router-sync'

Vue.config.productionTip = false
Vue.use(LazyImage)
sync(store,router)
/* eslint-disable no-new */
new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  router,
  store,
  ddd: {name: 'yasin'},
  render(h) {
    return h(App)
  }
})

我们已经默默的开始的我们的旅程,目前已经到达了生命周期的(new Vue())

我们点开vue的源码(/node_modules/vue/src/core),找到构造函数:

import Vue from './instance/index'
import { initGlobalAPI } from './global-api/index'
import { isServerRendering } from 'core/util/env'
import { FunctionalRenderContext } from 'core/vdom/create-functional-component'

initGlobalAPI(Vue)

Object.defineProperty(Vue.prototype, '$isServer', {
  get: isServerRendering
})

Object.defineProperty(Vue.prototype, '$ssrContext', {
  get () {
    /* istanbul ignore next */
    return this.$vnode && this.$vnode.ssrContext
  }
})

// expose FunctionalRenderContext for ssr runtime helper installation
Object.defineProperty(Vue, 'FunctionalRenderContext', {
  value: FunctionalRenderContext
})

Vue.version = '__VERSION__'

export default Vue

入口文件中定义了一些服务端渲染的东西,我们不关心,继续往下走
/node_modules/vue/src/core/instance:

import { initMixin } from './init'
import { stateMixin } from './state'
import { renderMixin } from './render'
import { eventsMixin } from './events'
import { lifecycleMixin } from './lifecycle'
import { warn } from '../util/index'

function Vue (options) {
  if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' &&
    !(this instanceof Vue)
  ) {
    warn('Vue is a constructor and should be called with the `new` keyword')
  }
  this._init(options)
}

initMixin(Vue)
stateMixin(Vue)
eventsMixin(Vue)
lifecycleMixin(Vue)
renderMixin(Vue)

export default Vue

好啦~ 整个vue的构造函数中就只调用了一个init方法(我们已经来到了生命周期图的init函数了):
init方法哪里来的呢? 我们可以下面调用了:

initMixin(Vue)

/node_modules/vue/src/core/instance/init.js

export function initMixin (Vue: Class<Component>) {
  Vue.prototype._init = function (options?: Object) {
    const vm: Component = this
    // a uid
    vm._uid = uid++

    let startTag, endTag
    /* istanbul ignore if */
    if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && config.performance && mark) {
      startTag = `vue-perf-start:${vm._uid}`
      endTag = `vue-perf-end:${vm._uid}`
      mark(startTag)
    }

    // a flag to avoid this being observed
    vm._isVue = true
    // merge options
    if (options && options._isComponent) {
      // optimize internal component instantiation
      // since dynamic options merging is pretty slow, and none of the
      // internal component options needs special treatment.
      initInternalComponent(vm, options)
    } else {
      vm.$options = mergeOptions(
        resolveConstructorOptions(vm.constructor),
        options || {},
        vm
      )
    }
    /* istanbul ignore else */
    if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
      initProxy(vm)
    } else {
      vm._renderProxy = vm
    }
    // expose real self
    vm._self = vm
    initLifecycle(vm)
    initEvents(vm)
    initRender(vm)
    callHook(vm, 'beforeCreate')
    initInjections(vm) // resolve injections before data/props
    initState(vm)
    initProvide(vm) // resolve provide after data/props
    callHook(vm, 'created')

    /* istanbul ignore if */
    if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production' && config.performance && mark) {
      vm._name = formatComponentName(vm, false)
      mark(endTag)
      measure(`vue ${vm._name} init`, startTag, endTag)
    }

    if (vm.$options.el) {
      vm.$mount(vm.$options.el)
    }
  }
}

代码已经有点多了,问题不大~ 我们找重点,我们再看一下生命周期图,看一下我们接下来走哪一步了:

可以看到,我们接下来要走init方法中的events跟lifecyle,字面意思就可以知道是注册“事件”跟“生命周期”的意思:

我们在init方法中找到对应的代码:

Vue.prototype._init = function (options?: Object) {
    ....
    // expose real self
    vm._self = vm
    initLifecycle(vm)
    initEvents(vm)
    initRender(vm)
    callHook(vm, 'beforeCreate')
  ....
  }

我们首先点开initLifecycle方法:
/node_modules/vue/src/core/instance/lifecycle.js

export function initLifecycle (vm: Component) {
  const options = vm.$options

  // locate first non-abstract parent
  let parent = options.parent
  if (parent && !options.abstract) {
    while (parent.$options.abstract && parent.$parent) {
      parent = parent.$parent
    }
    parent.$children.push(vm)
  }

  vm.$parent = parent
  vm.$root = parent ? parent.$root : vm

  vm.$children = []
  vm.$refs = {}

  vm._watcher = null
  vm._inactive = null
  vm._directInactive = false
  vm._isMounted = false
  vm._isDestroyed = false
  vm._isBeingDestroyed = false
}

很简单,就是初始化一些生命周期的变量(未渲染、未销毁等等)
我们接下来看一下init方法中的Events(initEvents):

export function initEvents (vm: Component) {
  vm._events = Object.create(null)
  vm._hasHookEvent = false
  // init parent attached events
  const listeners = vm.$options._parentListeners
  if (listeners) {
    updateComponentListeners(vm, listeners)
  }
}

events是啥呢? 就是我们执行vm.$once、vm.$on、vm.$emit方法发送的一些事件,分为注册事件跟触发事件(观察者模式)

好啦,我们已经把init的events跟lifecycle看完了,在继续往下之前我们再来看一下入口文件的这些方法:
node_modules/vue/src/core/instance/index.js

initMixin(Vue)
stateMixin(Vue)
eventsMixin(Vue)
lifecycleMixin(Vue)
renderMixin(Vue)

export default Vue

initMixin方法我们上面已经看过了
我们看一下 stateMixin方法:

export function stateMixin (Vue: Class<Component>) {
  // flow somehow has problems with directly declared definition object
  // when using Object.defineProperty, so we have to procedurally build up
  // the object here.
  const dataDef = {}
  dataDef.get = function () { return this._data }
  const propsDef = {}
  propsDef.get = function () { return this._props }
  if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
    dataDef.set = function (newData: Object) {
      warn(
        'Avoid replacing instance root $data. ' +
        'Use nested data properties instead.',
        this
      )
    }
    propsDef.set = function () {
      warn(`$props is readonly.`, this)
    }
  }
  Object.defineProperty(Vue.prototype, '$data', dataDef)
  Object.defineProperty(Vue.prototype, '$props', propsDef)

  Vue.prototype.$set = set
  Vue.prototype.$delete = del

  Vue.prototype.$watch = function (
    expOrFn: string | Function,
    cb: any,
    options?: Object
  ): Function {
    const vm: Component = this
    if (isPlainObject(cb)) {
      return createWatcher(vm, expOrFn, cb, options)
    }
    options = options || {}
    options.user = true
    const watcher = new Watcher(vm, expOrFn, cb, options)
    if (options.immediate) {
      cb.call(vm, watcher.value)
    }
    return function unwatchFn () {
      watcher.teardown()
    }
  }
}

我们在vue项目中代码可能会用到 Vue.prototype.$s$