【数据可视化】绑定属性数值大小的热力图

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-17 20:34:02 发布

Charles_Chung

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-17 20:34:02 发布

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分类专栏：数据可视化文章标签：可视化 html

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/vvfgfg243497546/article/details/103358014

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问题提出

给定一系列具有不同属性大小的点（如相关性），相关性越大点的颜色越红，半径越大。点越密集，热力图的颜色越深。样例如下图所示。
在这里插入图片描述

问题思考

我们如何用mapbox实现这个效果呢？在mapbox studio中有绘制heatmap的功能，但同一图层每个点的半径只能设置成一样的，如果为不同的点设置不同的图层，就会超出mapbox的限制。这时候我们就可以考虑调用功能更为灵活的mapbox GS接口。仿照官网的样例(https://docs.mapbox.com/mapbox-gl-js/example/heatmap-layer/)，我们可以得出以下代码

代码实现

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

<head>
    <meta charset='utf-8' />
    <title>绑定属性数值大小的热力图</title>
    <meta name='viewport' content='initial-scale=1,maximum-scale=1,user-scalable=no' />
    <script src='https://api.tiles.mapbox.com/mapbox-gl-js/v1.5.0/mapbox-gl.js'></script>
    <link href='https://api.tiles.mapbox.com/mapbox-gl-js/v1.5.0/mapbox-gl.css' rel='stylesheet' />
    <style>
        body {
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
        }

        #map {
            position: absolute;
            top: 0;
            bottom: 0;
            width: 100%;
        }

        ;
    </style>
</head>

<body>

    <div id='map'></div>

    <script>
        mapboxgl.accessToken = 'pk.eyJ1IjoidnZmZ2ZnIiwiYSI6ImNqdzdsdHo1eDF5aWs0OW56dGo1NHo0Y3MifQ.S5HzUS4CiqLOyQIJc0HmbQ';
        var map = new mapboxgl.Map({
            container: 'map',
            style: 'mapbox://styles/vvfgfg/ck3o4yf0j1r4w1dnki6inrua2',
            //style采用的之前自定义的黑色背景+道路亮化
            center: [151.191423,-33.888681],
            //设置初始化时视图的中心点
            zoom: 12
            //设置用户视角的缩放，zoom越大缩放越大
        });

        map.on('load', function () {
            // Add a geojson point source.
            // Heatmap layers also work with a vector tile source.
            map.addSource('trafficdata', {
                "type": "geojson",
                "data": "*/绑定属性的热力图/test.geojson"
                //相关性数据的json文件地址
            });

            //添加热力范围区域的图层
            map.addLayer({
                
                "id": "traffic-heat",
                "type": "heatmap",
                "source": "trafficdata",
                "maxzoom": 20,
                "paint":{
                     
                   // Increase the heatmap weight based on frequency and property magnitude

                      "heatmap-weight": [
                        "interpolate",
                        ["linear"],
                        ["get", "correlation"], //获取相关性的值
                        0, 0,
                        5, 1, 
                        //表示correlation从0变化到5时，heatmap-weight从0变化到1
                    ] , 
                    // Increase the heatmap color weight weight by zoom level
                    // heatmap-intensity is a multiplier on top of heatmap-weight
                    "heatmap-intensity": [
                        "interpolate",
                        ["linear"],
                        ["zoom"],
                         0, 0, 
                         5, 1
                         //表示correlation从0变化到5时，heatmap-intensity从0变化到1
                    ],
                    
                    "heatmap-color": [
                        "interpolate",
                        ["linear"],
                        ["heatmap-density"],
                        0,"rgba(0, 0, 255, 0)",
                        0.1,"royalblue",
                        0.3,"cyan",
                        0.5,"lime",
                        0.7,"yellow",
                        1,"red"
                    //表示随着correlation的变化，颜色的变化
                    ],
                    // Adjust the heatmap radius by zoom level
                    "heatmap-radius": [
                        "interpolate",
                        ["linear"],
                        ["zoom"],
                        8, 200,
                        15, 300
                        // 表示zoom在[0,9]内变化时heatmap-radius的变化

                    ],
                    // Transition from heatmap to circle layer by zoom level
                    "heatmap-opacity": [
                        "interpolate",
                        ["linear"],
                        ["zoom"],
                        10, 1,
                        15, 0,
                        // 表示zoom在[0,9]内变化时heatmap-opacity的变化 
                    ],
                }
            });

           //添加点的样式的图层
            map.addLayer({
                "id": "earthquakes-point",
                "type": "circle",
                "source": "trafficdata",
                "minzoom": 7,
                "paint": {
                    // 这里是一个嵌套关系，指的是点半径与zoom和correlation都有关
                    "circle-radius": [
                        "interpolate",
                        ["linear"],
                        ["zoom"],
                        7, [
                            "interpolate",
                            ["linear"],
                            ["get", "correlation"],
                            0, 1,
                            5, 4,
                            // 表示correlation在[0,9]内变化时circle-radius的变化
                        ],
                        16, [
                            "interpolate",
                            ["linear"],
                            ["get", "correlation"],
                            1, 5,
                            6, 50,
                            // 表示correlation在[0,9]内变化时circle-radius的变化
                        ]
                    ],

                    //点的颜色随着correlation变化而产生的变化
                    "circle-color": [
                        "interpolate",
                        ["linear"],
                        ["get", "correlation"],

                        0,
                        
                        "rgb(0, 0, 255)",
                        2.1,
                        "lime",
                        2.3,
                        "yellow",
                        2.5,
                        "red"
                    ],
                    "circle-stroke-color": "white",
                    "circle-stroke-width": 1,
                    
                    "circle-opacity": [
                        "interpolate",
                        ["linear"],
                        ["zoom"],
                        10, 1,
                        15, 0.8
                        // 表示zoom在[10,15]内变化时circle-opacity的变化
                    ]
                }
            });

            //添加标志的图层
            map.addLayer({
                "id": "points",
                "type": "symbol",
                "source": {
                    "type": "geojson",
                    "data": {
                        "type": "FeatureCollection",
                        "features": [{
                            // feature for Mapbox DC
                            "type": "Feature",
                            "geometry": {
                                "type": "Point",
                                "coordinates": [151.199044, -33.884015]
                            },
                            "properties": {
                                "title": "UTS",
                                "icon": "college"
                            }
                        }]
                    }
                },
                //添加图标的文字说明
                "layout": {
                    "icon-image": ["concat", ["get", "icon"], "-15"],
                    // get the title name from the source's "title" property
                    "text-field": ["get", "title"],
                    "text-font": ["Open Sans Semibold", "Arial Unicode MS Bold"],
                    "text-offset": [0, 0.6],
                    "text-anchor": "top"
                }
            });
        });

    </script>

</body>

</html>