java注解不常用功能记录

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-19 14:11:56 发布

little_how

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-19 14:11:56 发布

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分类专栏： java 笔记文章标签： java annotation Repeatable 注解

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/w172087242/article/details/106424889

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写在前面

关于java注解的基础内容这里就不多进行解释，直接演示工作中注解不经常使用到的功能

Inherited说明

在注解上注解上@Inherited的作用是什么呢？从字面意思可以知道是继承，具体作用直接代码演示

不使用Inherited注解的情况

首先定义一个注解Littlehow,注解上先不加Inherited

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Documented
public @interface Littlehow {
    String value();
}

定义测试类

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Annotation[] annotations = BB.class.getAnnotations();
        for (Annotation annotation : annotations) {
            Class type = annotation.annotationType();
            if (Littlehow.class.equals(type)) {
                System.out.println(((Littlehow) annotation).value());
            }
        }
    }
}

@Littlehow("this littlehow is AA")
class AA {

}

class BB extends AA {

}

运行测试类Test发现BB上并没有出现注解Littlehow

使用Inherited的情况(一)

首先定义一个注解Littlehow,加Inherited

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Documented
@Inherited
public @interface Littlehow {
    String value();
}

测试类与【不使用Inherited注解的情况】的测试类保持一致

运行将输出
this littlehow is AA

使用Inherited的情况(二)

Littlehow注解与【使用Inherited的情况(一)】的Littlehow注解保持一致
测试类如下:

public class TestB {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Annotation[] annotations = BB.class.getAnnotations();
        for (Annotation annotation : annotations) {
            Class type = annotation.annotationType();
            if (Littlehow.class.equals(type)) {
                System.out.println(((Littlehow) annotation).value());
            }
        }
    }
}

@Littlehow("this littlehow is AA")
class AA {

}

/**
 * 此时BB注解上加上了注解Littlehow
 */
@Littlehow("this littlehow is BB")
class BB extends AA {

}

运行将输出
this littlehow is BB

小结

注解Inherited表示注解的继承性，

1.当子类无注解时，会继承父类的注解；

2.当子类有注解时，将使用子类自己的注解；

Repeatable说明

在注解上注解上@Repeatable的作用是什么呢？从字面意思可以知道是重复，具体作用直接代码演示

不使用Repeatable注解的情况

Littlehow注解与【使用Inherited的情况(一)】的Littlehow注解保持一致
定义测试类

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Annotation[] annotations = AA.class.getAnnotations();
        for (Annotation annotation : annotations) {
            Class type = annotation.annotationType();
            if (Littlehow.class.equals(type)) {
                System.out.println(((Littlehow) annotation).value());
            }
        }
    }
}

@Littlehow("this littlehow is AA1")
@Littlehow("this littlehow is AA2")
class AA {

}

编译异常，无法进行编译，提示Littlehow不是一个合法的java.lang.annotation.Repeatable注解

使用Repeatable的情况(无Inherited)

定义注解(这里需要定义两个注解)

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Documented
//当有重复时，使用哪个注解来进行重复注解的收录
@Repeatable(Littlehows.class)
public @interface Littlehow {
    String value();
}

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Documented
public @interface Littlehows {
    Littlehow[] value();
}

定义测试类

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Annotation[] annotations = AA.class.getAnnotations();
        for (Annotation annotation : annotations) {
            Class type = annotation.annotationType();
            if (Littlehow.class.equals(type)) {
                System.out.println(((Littlehow) annotation).value());
            } else if (Littlehows.class.equals(type)) {
                System.out.println("进入重复注解中");
                Littlehows littlehows = (Littlehows) annotation;
                for (Littlehow littlehow : littlehows.value()) {
                    System.out.println(littlehow.value());
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

@Littlehow("this littlehow is AA1")
@Littlehow("this littlehow is AA2")
class AA {

}

运行将输出:
进入重复注解中
this littlehow is AA1
this littlehow is AA2

使用Repeatable的情况(有Inherited)

定义注解(这里需要定义两个注解)

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Documented
@Inherited
//当有重复时，使用哪个注解来进行重复注解的收录
@Repeatable(Littlehows.class)
public @interface Littlehow {
    String value();
}

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Documented
@Inherited
public @interface Littlehows {
    Littlehow[] value();
}

定义测试类(父类两个相同注解)

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Annotation[] annotations = BB.class.getAnnotations();
        for (Annotation annotation : annotations) {
            Class type = annotation.annotationType();
            if (Littlehow.class.equals(type)) {
                System.out.println("进入单个注解中");
                System.out.println(((Littlehow) annotation).value());
            } else if (Littlehows.class.equals(type)) {
                System.out.println("进入重复注解中");
                Littlehows littlehows = (Littlehows) annotation;
                for (Littlehow littlehow : littlehows.value()) {
                    System.out.println(littlehow.value());
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

@Littlehow("this littlehow is AA1")
@Littlehow("this littlehow is AA2")
class AA {

}

@Littlehow("this littlehow is BB")
class BB extends AA {

}

运行将输出:
进入重复注解中
this littlehow is AA1
this littlehow is AA2
进入单个注解中
this littlehow is BB

定义测试类,重写AA类(父类一个相同注解)

@Littlehow("this littlehow is AA")
class AA {

}

@Littlehow("this littlehow is BB")
class BB extends AA {

}

运行将输出:
进入单个注解中
this littlehow is BB

小结

Repeatable作用为定义可重复注解的注解，当同一个类上有相同注解时，将合并为一个复合注解；当设置可继承时，子类和父类各一个可重复注解不会被合成；

Repeatable作用的时机：当同一个类上同时注解多个可重复注解时，在编译时就会将其合并；所以运行时获取到的是复合注解。

写在后面

littlehow 写于 2020/05/29