Android 与 web后台数据交互之解析XML和JSON

Android 与 web后台数据交互之解析XML和JSON

转载至 ：http://blog.csdn.net/a985548426/article/details/76163408

思维导图：

           Android的网络编程中去拿服务器的数据，一般只采用两种方式。XML和Json，所以今天我们简单做一个案列示范，

其他复杂的都离不开这最基础的步骤。

效果图：

布局：

输出结果：

 xml解析

json解析

  第一步：我们需要xml文件和JSON文件(源文件放在服务器上面)（实际项目开发中我们是动态生成的） 

 

①student.xml

[html] view plain copy

print ?

1. <?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“UTF-8”?>  
2.  <students>  
3.      <student sid=“1”>  
4.       <sname>码农01</sname>  
5.       <sage>101</sage>  
6.      </student>  
7.        <student sid=“2”>  
8.       <sname>码农02</sname>  
9.       <sage>102</sage>  
10.      </student>  
11.        <student sid=“3”>  
12.       <sname>码农03</sname>  
13.       <sage>103</sage>  
14.      </student>  
15.  </students>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <students>
     <student sid="1">
      <sname>码农01</sname>
      <sage>101</sage>
     </student>
       <student sid="2">
      <sname>码农02</sname>
      <sage>102</sage>
     </student>
       <student sid="3">
      <sname>码农03</sname>
      <sage>103</sage>
     </student>
 </students>

②students.json

[plain] view plain copy

print ?

1. {“count”:3,”students”:[{“sid”:1,”sname”:”小小”,”ssex”:”女”},{“sid”:2,”sname”:”小码”,”ssex”:”男”},{“sid”:3,”sname”:”小农”,”ssex”:”男”}]}  

{"count":3,"students":[{"sid":1,"sname":"小小","ssex":"女"},{"sid":2,"sname":"小码","ssex":"男"},{"sid":3,"sname":"小农","ssex":"男"}]}

第二步: 写好布局文件

[html] view plain copy

print ?

1. <?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“utf-8”?>  
2. <LinearLayout  
3.     xmlns:android=“http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android”  
4.     xmlns:app=“http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto”  
5.     xmlns:tools=“http://schemas.android.com/tools”  
6.     android:layout_width=“match_parent”  
7.     android:layout_height=“match_parent”  
8.     android:orientation=“vertical”  
9.     tools:context=“com.example.android31_xmlorjson.MainActivity”>  
10.   
11.   
12.     <Button  
13.         android:layout_width=“match_parent”  
14.         android:layout_height=“wrap_content”  
15.         android:text=“获取网络xml”  
16.         android:onClick=“getNetXml”  
17.         />  
18.     <Button  
19.         android:layout_width=“match_parent”  
20.         android:layout_height=“wrap_content”  
21.         android:text=“获取网络JSON”  
22.         android:onClick=“getNetJSON”  
23.         />  
24.   
25.   
26. </LinearLayout>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    tools:context="com.example.android31_xmlorjson.MainActivity">


    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="获取网络xml"
        android:onClick="getNetXml"
        />
    <Button
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="获取网络JSON"
        android:onClick="getNetJSON"
        />


</LinearLayout>

第三步：核心处理类

注意：

 1、手机获取服务端数据需要在AndroidManifest.xml配上权限

[html] view plain copy

print ?

1. <!–网络权限–>  
2. <uses-permission android:name=“android.permission.INTERNET”></uses-permission>  

<!--网络权限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission>

2、JSON解析所需要用的实体类

BigObject.Java

[java] view plain copy

print ?

1. package com.example.android31_xmlorjson;  
2.   
3. import java.util.List;  
4.   
5. /** 
6.  * Created by Administrator on 2017/7/26 0026. 
7.  */  
8.   
9. public class BigObject {  
10.     private int count;  
11.     private List<Student> students;  
12.   
13.     public BigObject() {  
14.     }  
15.     public BigObject(int count, List<Student> students) {  
16.         this.count = count;  
17.         this.students = students;  
18.     }  
19.     public void setCount(int count) {  
20.         this.count = count;  
21.     }  
22.   
23.     public void setStudents(List<Student> students) {  
24.         this.students = students;  
25.     }  
26.   
27.     public int getCount() {  
28.         return count;  
29.     }  
30.   
31.     public List<Student> getStudents() {  
32.         return students;  
33.     }  
34.   
35.   
36. }  

package com.example.android31_xmlorjson;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/7/26 0026.
 */

public class BigObject {
    private int count;
    private List<Student> students;

    public BigObject() {
    }
    public BigObject(int count, List<Student> students) {
        this.count = count;
        this.students = students;
    }
    public void setCount(int count) {
        this.count = count;
    }

    public void setStudents(List<Student> students) {
        this.students = students;
    }

    public int getCount() {
        return count;
    }

    public List<Student> getStudents() {
        return students;
    }


}

student.java

[java] view plain copy

print ?

1. package com.example.android31_xmlorjson;  
2.   
3. /** 
4.  * Created by Administrator on 2017/7/26 0026. 
5.  */  
6.   
7. public class Student {  
8.     private int sid;  
9.     private String sname;  
10.     private String ssex;  
11.   
12.     public Student() {  
13.   
14.     }  
15.   
16.     public Student(int sid, String sname, String sex) {  
17.         this.sid = sid;  
18.         this.sname = sname;  
19.         this.ssex = ssex;  
20.     }  
21.   
22.     public void setSid(int sid) {  
23.         this.sid = sid;  
24.     }  
25.   
26.     public void setSname(String sname) {  
27.         this.sname = sname;  
28.     }  
29.   
30.     public void setSsex(String ssex) {  
31.         this.ssex = ssex;  
32.     }  
33.   
34.     public int getSid() {  
35.         return sid;  
36.     }  
37.   
38.     public String getSname() {  
39.         return sname;  
40.     }  
41.   
42.     public String getSsex() {  
43.         return ssex;  
44.     }  
45. }  

package com.example.android31_xmlorjson;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/7/26 0026.
 */

public class Student {
    private int sid;
    private String sname;
    private String ssex;

    public Student() {

    }

    public Student(int sid, String sname, String sex) {
        this.sid = sid;
        this.sname = sname;
        this.ssex = ssex;
    }

    public void setSid(int sid) {
        this.sid = sid;
    }

    public void setSname(String sname) {
        this.sname = sname;
    }

    public void setSsex(String ssex) {
        this.ssex = ssex;
    }

    public int getSid() {
        return sid;
    }

    public String getSname() {
        return sname;
    }

    public String getSsex() {
        return ssex;
    }
}

3.JSON解析我使用的是阿里巴巴研发的解析

核心处理：

[java] view plain copy

print ?

1. package com.example.android31_xmlorjson;  
2. import android.os.AsyncTask;  
3. import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;  
4. import android.os.Bundle;  
5. import android.util.Log;  
6. import android.util.Xml;  
7. import android.view.View;  
8. import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;  
9. import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser;  
10. import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;  
11.   
12. import java.io.IOException;  
13. import java.io.InputStream;  
14. import java.net.HttpURLConnection;  
15. import java.net.MalformedURLException;  
16. import java.net.URL;  
17. import java.util.List;  
18.   
19. public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {  
20.   
21.     @Override  
22.     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
23.         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
24.         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);  
25.     }  
26.   
27.     public  void getNetXml(View view){  
28.         new MyXmlTask().execute();  
29.     }  
30.     //异步获取网络xml  
31.     class MyXmlTask extends AsyncTask{  
32.         @Override  
33.         protected Object doInBackground(Object[] objects) {  
34.             //获取网络数据  
35.             String path=”http://192.168.43.210:8080/student.xml”;  
36.             try {  
37.                 URL url=new URL(path);  
38.                 HttpURLConnection connection= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();  
39.                 //设置请求方式（一般提交数据使用POST，获取数据使用GET）  
40.                connection.setRequestMethod(”GET”);  
41.                 //设置请求时间  
42.                connection.setConnectTimeout(5000);  
43.                 //获取结果码  
44.                 int code=connection.getResponseCode();  
45.                 if(200==code){  
46.                  InputStream is=connection.getInputStream();//获取读流  
47.                 //打印自己的结果  
48.                     //   int len=0;  
49. //                    byte[] buf=new byte[1024];  
50.                     //StringBuffer stringBuffer=new StringBuffer();  
51. //                    while((len=is.read(buf))!=-1){  
52. //                        String s=new String(buf,0,len);  
53. //                        stringBuffer.append(s);  
54. //                    }  
55.                     //Log.i(“test”,stringBuffer.toString());  
56.                    //解析XML  （我们使用Android特有的pull解析）  
57.                     //实例化解析器  
58.                     XmlPullParser pullParser= Xml.newPullParser();  
59.                     //进行解析  (参数一：数据源（网络流）；参数二：编码方式)  
60.                     pullParser.setInput(is,”UTF-8”);  
61.                     //解析标签类型  
62.                     int type=pullParser.getEventType();  
63.                      while(type!=XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT){ //判断不是结束标签  
64.                          switch (type){  
65.                              case XmlPullParser.START_TAG:  
66.                               //获取开始标签的名字  
67.                                  String  starTagName=pullParser.getName();  
68.                                  if(“student”.equals(starTagName)){  
69.                                      //获取属性值id的值  
70.                                      String sid=pullParser.getAttributeName(0);  
71.                                      Log.i(”test”,“”+sid);  
72.                                  } else if(“sname”.equals(starTagName)){  
73.                                      String sname=pullParser.nextText();  
74.                                      Log.i(”test”,“”+sname);  
75.                                  } else if(“sage”.equals(starTagName)){  
76.                                      String sage=pullParser.nextText();  
77.                                      Log.i(”test”,“”+sage);  
78.                                  }  
79.                                       break;  
80.                              case XmlPullParser.END_TAG:  
81.                                  break;  
82.                          }  
83.                          //细节  
84.                          type=pullParser.next();  
85.                      }  
86.                     //关闭流  
87.                     is.close();  
88.                 }  
89.             } catch (MalformedURLException e) {  
90.                 e.printStackTrace();  
91.             } catch (IOException e) {  
92.                 e.printStackTrace();  
93.             } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {  
94.                 e.printStackTrace();  
95.             }  
96.             return null;  
97.         }  
98.   
99.         @Override  
100.         protected void onPostExecute(Object o) {  
101.             super.onPostExecute(o);  
102.         }  
103.     }  
104.   
105.     public void getNetJSON(View view){  
106.              new MyJsonTask().execute();  
107.     }  
108.   
109.     //异步获取网络Json  
110.     class MyJsonTask extends AsyncTask{  
111.         @Override  
112.         protected Object doInBackground(Object[] objects) {  
113.          //获取网络Json  
114.             String  path=”http://192.168.43.210:8080/students.json”;  
115.             try {  
116.                 URL url=new URL(path);  
117.             HttpURLConnection connection= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();  
118.              connection.setRequestMethod(”GET”);  
119.              connection.setConnectTimeout(5000);  
120.              if(connection.getResponseCode()==200){  
121.                     InputStream is=connection.getInputStream();  
122.                     int len=0;  
123.                   byte[] buf= new byte[1024];  
124.                  StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer();  
125.                  while ((len=is.read(buf))!=-1){  
126.                   String s=new String(buf,0,len);  
127.                      sb.append(s);  
128.                  }  
129.                  //输出打印  
130.                  Log.i(”test”,sb.toString());  
131.                //解析JSON’  
132.             BigObject bigObject=JSON.parseObject(sb.toString(),BigObject.class);  
133.                  int count=bigObject.getCount();  
134.                  Log.i(”test”,count+“”);  
135.                List<Student> stuList=bigObject.getStudents();  
136.                  for (Student sss : stuList) {  
137.                     Log.i(”test”,sss.getSname()+“ ”+sss.getSsex());  
138.                  }  
139.              }  
140.             } catch (MalformedURLException e) {  
141.                 e.printStackTrace();  
142.             } catch (IOException e) {  
143.                 e.printStackTrace();  
144.             }  
145.             return null;  
146.         }  
147.   
148.         @Override  
149.         protected void onPostExecute(Object o) {  
150.   
151.             super.onPostExecute(o);  
152.         }  
153.     }  
154.   
155.   
156.   
157. }  

package com.example.android31_xmlorjson;
import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.util.Xml;
import android.view.View;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParser;
import org.xmlpull.v1.XmlPullParserException;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
    }

    public  void getNetXml(View view){
        new MyXmlTask().execute();
    }
    //异步获取网络xml
    class MyXmlTask extends AsyncTask{
        @Override
        protected Object doInBackground(Object[] objects) {
            //获取网络数据
            String path="http://192.168.43.210:8080/student.xml";
            try {
                URL url=new URL(path);
                HttpURLConnection connection= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                //设置请求方式（一般提交数据使用POST，获取数据使用GET）
               connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
                //设置请求时间
               connection.setConnectTimeout(5000);
                //获取结果码
                int code=connection.getResponseCode();
                if(200==code){
                 InputStream is=connection.getInputStream();//获取读流
                //打印自己的结果
                    //   int len=0;
//                    byte[] buf=new byte[1024];
                    //StringBuffer stringBuffer=new StringBuffer();
//                    while((len=is.read(buf))!=-1){
//                        String s=new String(buf,0,len);
//                        stringBuffer.append(s);
//                    }
                    //Log.i("test",stringBuffer.toString());
                   //解析XML  （我们使用Android特有的pull解析）
                    //实例化解析器
                    XmlPullParser pullParser= Xml.newPullParser();
                    //进行解析  (参数一：数据源（网络流）；参数二：编码方式)
                    pullParser.setInput(is,"UTF-8");
                    //解析标签类型
                    int type=pullParser.getEventType();
                     while(type!=XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT){ //判断不是结束标签
                         switch (type){
                             case XmlPullParser.START_TAG:
                              //获取开始标签的名字
                                 String  starTagName=pullParser.getName();
                                 if("student".equals(starTagName)){
                                     //获取属性值id的值
                                     String sid=pullParser.getAttributeName(0);
                                     Log.i("test",""+sid);
                                 } else if("sname".equals(starTagName)){
                                     String sname=pullParser.nextText();
                                     Log.i("test",""+sname);
                                 } else if("sage".equals(starTagName)){
                                     String sage=pullParser.nextText();
                                     Log.i("test",""+sage);
                                 }
                                      break;
                             case XmlPullParser.END_TAG:
                                 break;
                         }
                         //细节
                         type=pullParser.next();
                     }
                    //关闭流
                    is.close();
                }
            } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Object o) {
            super.onPostExecute(o);
        }
    }

    public void getNetJSON(View view){
             new MyJsonTask().execute();
    }

    //异步获取网络Json
    class MyJsonTask extends AsyncTask{
        @Override
        protected Object doInBackground(Object[] objects) {
         //获取网络Json
            String  path="http://192.168.43.210:8080/students.json";
            try {
                URL url=new URL(path);
            HttpURLConnection connection= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
             connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
             connection.setConnectTimeout(5000);
             if(connection.getResponseCode()==200){
                    InputStream is=connection.getInputStream();
                    int len=0;
                  byte[] buf= new byte[1024];
                 StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer();
                 while ((len=is.read(buf))!=-1){
                  String s=new String(buf,0,len);
                     sb.append(s);
                 }
                 //输出打印
                 Log.i("test",sb.toString());
               //解析JSON'
            BigObject bigObject=JSON.parseObject(sb.toString(),BigObject.class);
                 int count=bigObject.getCount();
                 Log.i("test",count+"");
               List<Student> stuList=bigObject.getStudents();
                 for (Student sss : stuList) {
                    Log.i("test",sss.getSname()+" "+sss.getSsex());
                 }
             }
            } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Object o) {

            super.onPostExecute(o);
        }
    }



}