mockIo入门使用

 

 

import org.junit.Test;
import org.mockito.ArgumentCaptor;
import org.mockito.ArgumentMatcher;
import org.mockito.Mock;
import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
import org.mockito.exceptions.verification.NoInteractionsWanted;
import org.mockito.invocation.InvocationOnMock;
import org.mockito.stubbing.Answer;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.util.*;

import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;

/**
 * util test
 * Created by ggq on 2018/5/7 0007.
 */
public class MockIOTest {
    @Test
    public void verify_behaviour(){
        //模拟创建一个List对象
        List mock = mock(List.class);
        //使用mock的对象
        mock.add(1);
        mock.clear();
        //验证add(1)和clear()行为是否发生
        verify(mock).add(1);
        verify(mock).clear();
    }
    @Test
    public void when_thenReturn(){
        //mock一个Iterator类
        Iterator iterator = mock(Iterator.class);
        //预设当iterator调用next()时第一次返回hello，第n次都返回world
        when(iterator.next()).thenReturn("hello").thenReturn("world");
        //使用mock的对象
        String result = iterator.next() + " " + iterator.next() + " " + iterator.next();
        //验证结果
        assertEquals("hello1 world world",result);
    }

    @Test(expected = IOException.class)
    public void when_thenThrow() throws IOException {
        OutputStream outputStream = mock(OutputStream.class);
        OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream);
        //预设当流关闭时抛出异常
        doThrow(new IOException()).when(outputStream).close();
        outputStream.close();

    }

    @Test
    public void with_arguments(){
        Comparable comparable = mock(Comparable.class);
        //预设根据不同的参数返回不同的结果
        when(comparable.compareTo("Test")).thenReturn(1);
        when(comparable.compareTo("Omg")).thenReturn(2);
        assertEquals(1, comparable.compareTo("Test"));
        assertEquals(2, comparable.compareTo("Omg"));
        //对于没有预设的情况会返回默认值
        assertEquals(0, comparable.compareTo("Not stub"));
    }

    @Test
    public void with_unspecified_arguments(){
        List list = mock(List.class);
        //匹配任意参数
        when(list.get(anyInt())).thenReturn(1);
//        when(list.contains(argThat(new IsValid()))).thenReturn(true);
        assertEquals(1, list.get(1));
        assertEquals(1, list.get(999));
        assertTrue(list.contains(1));
        assertTrue(!list.contains(3));
    }

//    private class IsValid extends ArgumentMatcher<ArrayList> {
//        @Override
//        public boolean matches(Object o) {
//            return o == 1 || o == 2;
//        }
//    }
    //需要注意的是如果你使用了参数匹配，那么所有的参数都必须通过matchers来匹配
    @Test
    public void all_arguments_provided_by_matchers(){
        Comparator comparator = mock(Comparator.class);
        comparator.compare("nihao","hello");
        //如果你使用了参数匹配，那么所有的参数都必须通过matchers来匹配
        verify(comparator).compare(anyString(),eq("hello"));
        //下面的为无效的参数匹配使用
        //verify(comparator).compare(anyString(),"hello");
    }
//4、验证确切的调用次数
    @Test
    public void verifying_number_of_invocations(){
        List list = mock(List.class);
        list.add(1);
        list.add(2);
        list.add(2);
        list.add(3);
        list.add(3);
        list.add(3);
        //验证是否被调用一次，等效于下面的times(1)
        verify(list).add(1);
        verify(list,times(2)).add(2);
        //验证是否被调用2次
        verify(list,times(2)).add(2);
        //验证是否被调用3次
        verify(list,times(3)).add(3);
        //验证是否从未被调用过
        verify(list,never()).add(4);
        //验证至少调用一次
        verify(list,atLeastOnce()).add(1);
        //验证至少调用2次
        verify(list,atLeast(2)).add(2);
        //验证至多调用3次
        verify(list,atMost(3)).add(3);
	}

    //7、确保模拟对象上无互动发生
    @Test
    public void verify_interaction(){
        List list = mock(List.class);
        List list2 = mock(List.class);
        List list3 = mock(List.class);
        list.add(1);
        verify(list).add(1);
        verify(list,never()).add(2);
        //验证零互动行为
        verifyZeroInteractions(list2,list3);
    }

    //8、找出冗余的互动(即未被验证到的)
    @Test(expected = NoInteractionsWanted.class)
    public void find_redundant_interaction(){
        List list = mock(List.class);
        list.add(1);
        list.add(2);
        verify(list,times(2)).add(anyInt());
        //检查是否有未被验证的互动行为，因为add(1)和add(2)都会被上面的anyInt()验证到，所以下面的代码会通过
        verifyNoMoreInteractions(list);

        List list2 = mock(List.class);
        list2.add(1);
        list2.add(2);
        verify(list2).add(2);
        //检查是否有未被验证的互动行为，因为add(2)没有被验证，所以下面的代码会失败抛出异常
        verifyNoMoreInteractions(list2);
    }
    public MockIOTest() {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    }
        //在上面的测试中我们在每个测试方法里都mock了一个List对象，为了避免重复的mock，是测试类更具有可读性，我们可以使用下面的注解方式来快速模拟对象：
    @Mock
    private List mockList;
    @Test
    public void shorthand(){
        mockList.add(1);
        verify(mockList).add(1);
    }

    //10、连续调用
    @Test(expected = RuntimeException.class)
    public void consecutive_calls(){
        //模拟连续调用返回期望值，如果分开，则只有最后一个有效
        when(mockList.get(0)).thenReturn(0);
        when(mockList.get(0)).thenReturn(1);
        when(mockList.get(0)).thenReturn(2);
        when(mockList.get(1)).thenReturn(0).thenReturn(1).thenThrow(new RuntimeException());
        assertEquals(2, mockList.get(0));
        assertEquals(2, mockList.get(0));
        assertEquals(0, mockList.get(1));
        assertEquals(1, mockList.get(1));
        //第三次或更多调用都会抛出异常
        mockList.get(1);
    }
    //11、使用回调生成期望值
    @Test
    public void answer_with_callback(){
        //使用Answer来生成我们我们期望的返回
        when(mockList.get(anyInt())).thenAnswer(new Answer<Object>() {
            @Override
            public Object answer(InvocationOnMock invocation) throws Throwable {
                Object[] args = invocation.getArguments();
                return "hello world:"+args[0];
            }
        });
        assertEquals("hello world:0",mockList.get(0));
        assertEquals("hello world:999",mockList.get(999));
    }
    //使用spy来监控真实的对象，需要注意的是此时我们需要谨慎的使用when-then语句，而改用do-when语句
    @Test(expected = IndexOutOfBoundsException.class)
    public void spy_on_real_objects(){
        List list = new LinkedList();
        List spy = spy(list);
        //下面预设的spy.get(0)会报错，因为会调用真实对象的get(0)，所以会抛出越界异常
        //when(spy.get(0)).thenReturn(3);

        //使用doReturn-when可以避免when-thenReturn调用真实对象api
        doReturn(999).when(spy).get(999);
        //预设size()期望值
        when(spy.size()).thenReturn(100);
        //调用真实对象的api
        spy.add(1);
        spy.add(2);
        assertEquals(100,spy.size());
        assertEquals(1,spy.get(0));
        assertEquals(2,spy.get(1));
        verify(spy).add(1);
        verify(spy).add(2);
        assertEquals(999,spy.get(999));
        spy.get(2);
    }
    //13、修改对未预设的调用返回默认期望值
    @Test
    public void unstubbed_invocations(){
        //mock对象使用Answer来对未预设的调用返回默认期望值
        List mock = mock(List.class,new Answer() {
            @Override
            public Object answer(InvocationOnMock invocation) throws Throwable {
                return 999;
            }
        });
        //下面的get(1)没有预设，通常情况下会返回NULL，但是使用了Answer改变了默认期望值
        assertEquals(999, mock.get(1));
        //下面的size()没有预设，通常情况下会返回0，但是使用了Answer改变了默认期望值
        assertEquals(999,mock.size());
    }
    //14、捕获参数来进一步断言
    @Test
    public void capturing_args(){
        PersonDao personDao = mock(PersonDao.class);
        PersonService personService = new PersonService(personDao);

        ArgumentCaptor<Person> argument = ArgumentCaptor.forClass(Person.class);
        personService.update(1,"jack");
        verify(personDao).update(argument.capture());
        assertEquals(1,argument.getValue().getId());
        assertEquals("jack",argument.getValue().getName());
    }

    class Person{
        private int id;
        private String name;

        Person(int id, String name) {
            this.id = id;
            this.name = name;
        }

        public int getId() {
            return id;
        }

        public String getName() {
            return name;
        }
    }

    interface PersonDao{
        public void update(Person person);
    }

    class PersonService{
        private PersonDao personDao;

        PersonService(PersonDao personDao) {
            this.personDao = personDao;
        }

        public void update(int id,String name){
            personDao.update(new Person(id,name));
        }
    }

//15、真实的部分mock
    @Test
    public void real_partial_mock(){
        //通过spy来调用真实的api
        List list = spy(new ArrayList());
        assertEquals(0,list.size());
        A a = mock(A.class);
        //通过thenCallRealMethod来调用真实的api
        when(a.doSomething(anyInt())).thenCallRealMethod();
        assertEquals(999,a.doSomething(999));
    }


    class A{
        public int doSomething(int i){
            return i;
        }
    }
    //16、重置mock
    @Test
    public void reset_mock(){
        List list = mock(List.class);
        when(list.size()).thenReturn(10);
        list.add(1);
        assertEquals(10,list.size());
        //重置mock，清除所有的互动和预设
        reset(list);
        assertEquals(0,list.size());
    }

}