【Datawhale AI 夏令营】物质科学赛道：催化反应产率预测Task2

STEP01 使用RNN网络建模SMILES序列

!pip install pandas
!pip install rdkit
!pip install torch

import re
import time
import pandas as pd
from typing import List, Tuple
import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.optim as optim
from torch.utils.data import Dataset, DataLoader, Subset

定义RNN模型

# 定义RNN模型
class RNNModel(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, num_embed, input_size, hidden_size, output_size, num_layers, dropout, device):
        super(RNNModel, self).__init__()
        self.embed = nn.Embedding(num_embed, input_size)
        self.rnn = nn.RNN(input_size, hidden_size, num_layers=num_layers, 
                          batch_first=True, dropout=dropout, bidirectional=True)
        self.fc = nn.Sequential(nn.Linear(2 * num_layers * hidden_size, output_size),
                                nn.Sigmoid(),
                                nn.Linear(output_size, 1),
                                nn.Sigmoid())

    def forward(self, x):
        # x : [bs, seq_len]
        x = self.embed(x)
        # x : [bs, seq_len, input_size]
        _, hn = self.rnn(x) # hn : [2*num_layers, bs, h_dim]
        hn = hn.transpose(0,1)
        z = hn.reshape(hn.shape[0], -1) # z shape: [bs, 2*num_layers*h_dim]
        output = self.fc(z).squeeze(-1) # output shape: [bs, 1]
        return output

STEP2 定义数据处理函数及tokenizer

# import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
## 数据处理部分
# import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
# tokenizer，鉴于SMILES的特性，这里需要自己定义tokenizer和vocab
# 这里直接将smiles str按字符拆分，并替换为词汇表中的序号
class Smiles_tokenizer():
    def __init__(self, pad_token, regex, vocab_file, max_length):
        self.pad_token = pad_token
        self.regex = regex
        self.vocab_file = vocab_file
        self.max_length = max_length

        with open(self.vocab_file, "r") as f:
            lines = f.readlines()
        lines = [line.strip("\n") for line in lines]
        vocab_dic = {}
        for index, token in enumerate(lines):
            vocab_dic[token] = index
        self.vocab_dic = vocab_dic

    def _regex_match(self, smiles):
        regex_string = r"(" + self.regex + r"|"
        regex_string += r".)"
        prog = re.compile(regex_string)

        tokenised = []
        for smi in smiles:
            tokens = prog.findall(smi)
            if len(tokens) > self.max_length:
                tokens = tokens[:self.max_length]
            tokenised.append(tokens) # 返回一个所有的字符串列表
        return tokenised
    
    def tokenize(self, smiles):
        tokens = self._regex_match(smiles)
        # 添加上表示开始和结束的token：<cls>, <end>
        tokens = [["<CLS>"] + token + ["<SEP>"] for token in tokens]
        tokens = self._pad_seqs(tokens, self.pad_token)
        token_idx = self._pad_token_to_idx(tokens)
        return tokens, token_idx

    def _pad_seqs(self, seqs, pad_token):
        pad_length = max([len(seq) for seq in seqs])
        padded = [seq + ([pad_token] * (pad_length - len(seq))) for seq in seqs]
        return padded

    def _pad_token_to_idx(self, tokens):
        idx_list = []
        for token in tokens:
            tokens_idx = []
            for i in token:
                if i in self.vocab_dic.keys():
                    tokens_idx.append(self.vocab_dic[i])
                else:
                    self.vocab_dic[i] = max(self.vocab_dic.values()) + 1
                    tokens_idx.append(self.vocab_dic[i])
            idx_list.append(tokens_idx)
        
        return idx_list

STEP3 读数据并处理

def read_data(file_path, train=True):
    df = pd.read_csv(file_path)
    reactant1 = df["Reactant1"].tolist()
    reactant2 = df["Reactant2"].tolist()
    product = df["Product"].tolist()
    additive = df["Additive"].tolist()
    solvent = df["Solvent"].tolist()
    if train:
        react_yield = df["Yield"].tolist()
    else:
        react_yield = [0 for i in range(len(reactant1))]
    
    # 将reactant拼到一起，之间用.分开。product也拼到一起，用>分开
    input_data_list = []
    for react1, react2, prod, addi, sol in zip(reactant1, reactant2, product, additive, solvent):
        input_info = ".".join([react1, react2])
        input_info = ">".join([input_info, prod])
        input_data_list.append(input_info)
    output = [(react, y) for react, y in zip(input_data_list, react_yield)]

    # 下面的代码将reactant\additive\solvent拼到一起，之间用.分开。product也拼到一起，用>分开
    '''
    input_data_list = []
    for react1, react2, prod, addi, sol in zip(reactant1, reactant2, product, additive, solvent):
        input_info = ".".join([react1, react2, addi, sol])
        input_info = ">".join([input_info, prod])
        input_data_list.append(input_info)
    output = [(react, y) for react, y in zip(input_data_list, react_yield)]
    '''

    # # 统计seq length，序列的长度是一个重要的参考，可以使用下面的代码统计查看以下序列长度的分布
    # seq_length = [len(i[0]) for i in output]
    # seq_length_400 = [len(i[0]) for i in output if len(i[0])>200]
    # print(len(seq_length_400) / len(seq_length))
    # seq_length.sort(reverse=True)
    # plt.plot(range(len(seq_length)), seq_length)
    # plt.title("templates frequence")
    # plt.show()
    return output

class ReactionDataset(Dataset):
    def __init__(self, data: List[Tuple[List[str], float]]):
        self.data = data
        
    def __len__(self):
        return len(self.data)

    def __getitem__(self, idx):
        return self.data[idx]
    
def collate_fn(batch):
    REGEX = r"\[[^\]]+]|Br?|Cl?|N|O|S|P|F|I|b|c|n|o|s|p|\(|\)|\.|=|#|-|\+|\\\\|\/|:|~|@|\?|>|\*|\$|\%[0-9]{2}|[0-9]"
    tokenizer = Smiles_tokenizer("<PAD>", REGEX, "../vocab_full.txt", max_length=300)
    smi_list = []
    yield_list = []
    for i in batch:
        smi_list.append(i[0])
        yield_list.append(i[1])
    tokenizer_batch = torch.tensor(tokenizer.tokenize(smi_list)[1])
    yield_list = torch.tensor(yield_list)
    return tokenizer_batch, yield_list

def train():
    ## super param
    N = 10  #int / int(len(dataset) * 1)  # 或者你可以设置为数据集大小的一定比例，如 int(len(dataset) * 0.1)
    NUM_EMBED = 294 # nn.Embedding()
    INPUT_SIZE = 300 # src length
    HIDDEN_SIZE = 512
    OUTPUT_SIZE = 512
    NUM_LAYERS = 10
    DROPOUT = 0.2
    CLIP = 1 # CLIP value
    N_EPOCHS = 10
    LR = 0.001
    
    start_time = time.time()  # 开始计时
    device = torch.device('cuda' if torch.cuda.is_available() else 'cpu')
    # device = 'cpu'
    data = read_data("../dataset/round1_train_data.csv")
    dataset = ReactionDataset(data)
    subset_indices = list(range(N))
    subset_dataset = Subset(dataset, subset_indices)
    train_loader = DataLoader(dataset, batch_size=128, shuffle=True, collate_fn=collate_fn)

    model = RNNModel(NUM_EMBED, INPUT_SIZE, HIDDEN_SIZE, OUTPUT_SIZE, NUM_LAYERS, DROPOUT, device).to(device)
    model.train()
    
    optimizer = optim.Adam(model.parameters(), lr=LR)
    # criterion = nn.MSELoss() # MSE
    criterion = nn.L1Loss() # MAE

    best_loss = 10
    for epoch in range(N_EPOCHS):
        epoch_loss = 0
        for i, (src, y) in enumerate(train_loader):
            src, y = src.to(device), y.to(device)
            optimizer.zero_grad()
            output = model(src)
            loss = criterion(output, y)
            loss.backward()
            torch.nn.utils.clip_grad_norm_(model.parameters(), CLIP)
            optimizer.step()
            epoch_loss += loss.item()
            loss_in_a_epoch = epoch_loss / len(train_loader)
        print(f'Epoch: {epoch+1:02} | Train Loss: {loss_in_a_epoch:.3f}')
        if loss_in_a_epoch < best_loss:
            # 在训练循环结束后保存模型
            torch.save(model.state_dict(), '../model/RNN.pth')
    end_time = time.time()  # 结束计时
    # 计算并打印运行时间
    elapsed_time_minute = (end_time - start_time)/60
    print(f"Total running time: {elapsed_time_minute:.2f} minutes")

if __name__ == '__main__':
    train()

STEP4 生成结果文件

def predicit_and_make_submit_file(model_file, output_file):
    NUM_EMBED = 294
    INPUT_SIZE = 300
    HIDDEN_SIZE = 512
    OUTPUT_SIZE = 512
    NUM_LAYERS = 10
    DROPOUT = 0.2
    device = torch.device('cuda' if torch.cuda.is_available() else 'cpu')
    test_data = read_data("../dataset/round1_test_data.csv", train=False)
    test_dataset = ReactionDataset(test_data)
    test_loader = DataLoader(test_dataset, batch_size=64, shuffle=False, collate_fn=collate_fn) 

    model = RNNModel(NUM_EMBED, INPUT_SIZE, HIDDEN_SIZE, OUTPUT_SIZE, NUM_LAYERS, DROPOUT, device).to(device)
    # 加载最佳模型
    model.load_state_dict(torch.load(model_file))
    model.eval()
    output_list = []
    for i, (src, y) in enumerate(test_loader):
        src, y = src.to(device), y.to(device)
        with torch.no_grad():
            output = model(src)
            output_list += output.detach().tolist()
    ans_str_lst = ['rxnid,Yield']
    for idx,y in enumerate(output_list):
        ans_str_lst.append(f'test{idx+1},{y:.4f}')
    with open(output_file,'w') as fw:
        fw.writelines('\n'.join(ans_str_lst))

    print("done!!!")
    
predicit_and_make_submit_file("../model/RNN.pth",
                              "../output/RNN_submit.txt")
    ```